Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy did not limit himself to writing short fairy tales and stories for children. He has many epic works that glorified him as a great Russian writer. Tolstoy paid great attention to children. The author understood that the future of the nation depends on those whom adults can adequately raise, that is, on children. In his difficult life, Lev Nikolaevich was not only a writer and philosopher, he was an excellent psychologist and teacher. He created the ABC for children, a whole book of children's fairy tales and stories, and a school where children from poor families studied. He loved children very much and treated them like a father, with kindness and understanding. Seeing how busy the children of poor people in the family were, the writer sought to somehow brighten up their difficult everyday life, when it was necessary to help their parents, sometimes doing backbreaking work.

Retelling a fairy tale

The jackdaw, like all birds, once wanted to drink. She saw that there was a jug standing nearby, and there was water in the jug. The trouble was that the water in the jug remained only at the very bottom. How can a jackdaw get to the water, since it’s so easy to lower his beak and not reach the bottom? The jackdaw turned out to be quick-witted: she began to pick up pebbles and throw them into the container. Thus, she successfully filled the entire jug, and the water rose, covering all the stones. Now the jackdaw could drink plenty, because the life-giving moisture was almost at the very neck.

What is the author calling for?

How resourceful the jackdaw appears to readers! This means that no matter how difficult the problem is, the most important thing in solving it is to think, make an effort - and everything will be resolved positively. There is a way out of any situation. This is exactly what Tolstoy teaches. A logical question arises: to whom is the fairy tale “The Jackdaw and the Jug” dedicated? Is this a children's fairy tale or does it in the truest sense of the word refer to adult admirers of the writer's talent? Very often, adults find themselves in the most difficult situations. It is difficult for children to find themselves in hopeless situations, since their mothers and fathers always help them.

The text is very short, but it clearly shows that its content is intended for adults who are wise with life experience. If moms and dads understand the main meaning of the fairy tale, then they will be able to suggest and decipher all the incomprehensible moments for their children. Sometimes Lev Nikolaevich creates his own clever thoughts and conclusions that can be attributed to a fairy tale. Now the following statement would be appropriate: “There is a way out of any difficult situation. The main thing is to find it in time.”

Read the story of the fairy tale of the Russian writer Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy " Jackdaw and jug» online for free and without registration in large print.

Summary of an integrated lesson on speech development with elements of experimental activities in the senior group

Topic: “Retelling of L. N. Tolstoy’s work “Smart Jackdaw”

Integration of the areas “Cognition”, “Communication”.

Target:

1. Introduce children to a new work, learn to understand the content of the story, and retell the work close to the text.

Tasks:

1.. Learn to name the characteristics of objects. Compare, see the main thing.

2. Form mental abilities: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization.

3. Learn to work in a team. Rejoice at the results of collective work.

Material for the lesson: Clay jug. Pebbles of different sizes. shapes, colors. Two transparent jars with a level mark and colored water. Paper outline of a jug, colored paper, glue.

PROGRESS OF THE CLASS:

Organizational moment finger gymnastics “Birds”

Come, birds! I'll give the lard to the titmouse. - “calling” finger movements 4 times

I’ll prepare the crumbs Bread a little - “cutting” movements of one palm on the other

These little ones are like pigeons - rubbing their fingertips together

These crumbs are for the sparrows. - rub your fingertips together

Jackdaws and crows, Eat pasta! - extend your right hand forward with an open palm; do the same - rub palm against palm with your left hand, “rolling pasta out of bread”

Educator: Guys, what do I have in my hands? (Jug) Now we will play with a jug. pass it around and name the signs of the jug. i.e. what is he like? (Children name the signs, the teacher makes a generalization)

This is a jug. It is spacious, beautiful, hard, smooth, cold, shiny, clay, empty, brown, fragile. The teacher invites the children to sit on chairs around the table.

Educator: I have two jars of water on my table. So that you can see clearly, I painted the water blue and marked where the water was poured. The teacher asks the question: “How much water is in the cans? Where is there more? Or the same? (Children look at it and draw conclusions.) Conclusion: there is the same amount of water in the jars.

Educator: Children, what do you think? What will happen to water if you put pebbles in the water? Will the water rise to the top or not (I listen to all the children’s answers). Let's see what happens if we put pebbles in a jar of water.

We will put pebbles in the left jar (Children take turns putting pebbles in a jar of water)

Educator: What happened to the water (Children's answers) Why did the water rise up (I get an answer that the stones took the place of the water. They displaced it. I conclude: In the jar, the pebbles displaced the water and took its place. (I invite the children to sit on the carpet)

Educator: Today I will read you a story by Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy (I don’t specifically mention the title of the story, I’m reading it). After reading, I ask questions about the content.

Questions

Why did the jackdaw fly up to the jug? (wanted to drink to get drunk)

Why couldn't she get drunk right away? (there was not enough water in the jug, Galka could not get it)

What did the jackdaw do? (Start throwing pebbles into the jug)

What happened to the water in the jug? (The water has risen to the brim of the jug)

Was the jackdaw able to get drunk? (Yes, I could)

What can you call a jackdaw? (Clever, smart, smart.)

Educator: Yes, children, the story is called “Smart Jackdaw.”

Repeated reading and retelling for children.

Physical education minute

Swans are flying, --- (Smooth hand movements)

They flap their wings. --- (movements with large amplitude.)

Bent over the water, --- (bends forward, shaking his head.)

They shake their heads.

They know how to stand straight and proud, --- (Straighten up)

They land on the water very silently. --- (Squats)

(I invite the children to come sit at the tables, I show the children the outline of a jug on whatman paper)

Educator: Today we will fill the jug with stones. Let's remember what kind of pebbles we saw by color (brown, black, gray). What about the form? (similar to oval, circle, triangle, shapeless)

What are the sizes of pebbles (small, large)

Educator: “Children, there is paper of different colors on the table. You will make pebbles by tearing this paper. But to do this, you must mentally imagine what kind of stone you will have. You will stick the resulting pebbles onto our jug. (Children tear off the paper and stick pebbles into the jug.) Then I invite one of the children to draw how the water rose in the jug.

Educator: You are just great today. We learned a lot. Excellent retelling of the story. Tell me what was difficult for you? What was easy? What did you like most? (children answer, with all the children we admire the work done, we rejoice at the joint activities in the team).

CHAW AND JUG

L. N. Tolstoy

Galka wanted to drink. There was a jug of water in the yard, and the jug only had water at the bottom. Jackdaw was out of reach. She began throwing pebbles into the jug and added so many that the water became higher and could be drunk.

WOLF AND GOAT

L. N. Tolstoy

The wolf sees that a goat is grazing on a stone mountain and he cannot get close to it; He says to her: “You should go down: here the place is more level, and the grass is much sweeter for you to feed.”
And the Goat says: “That’s not why you, wolf, are calling me down: you’re not worrying about mine, but about your own food.”

RATS AND EGG

L. N. Tolstoy

Two rats found an egg. They wanted to share it and eat it; but they see a crow flying and wants to take an egg.
The rats began to think about how to steal an egg from a crow. Carry? - do not grab; roll? - it can be broken.
And the rats decided this: one lay on its back, grabbed the egg with its paws, and the other carried it by the tail, and, like on a sleigh, pulled the egg under the floor.

BUG

L. N. Tolstoy

Bug carried a bone across the bridge. Look, her shadow is in the water.
It occurred to the Bug that there was not a shadow in the water, but a Bug and a bone. She let her bone go and take it. She didn’t take that one, but hers sank to the bottom.

MOUSE, CAT AND ROOSTER

L. N. Tolstoy

The mouse went out for a walk. She walked around the yard and came back to her mother. “Well, mother, I saw two animals. One is scary, and the other is kind.” The mother said: “Tell me, what kind of animals are these?” The mouse said: “There’s a scary one, he walks around the yard like this: his legs are black, his crest is red, his eyes are bulging, and his nose is hooked. When I walked past, he opened his mouth, raised his leg and began to scream so loudly that I was scared. I didn’t know where to go!”
“It’s a rooster,” said the old mouse. - He does no harm to anyone, don’t be afraid of him. Well, what about the other animal?
- The other was lying in the sun and warming himself. His neck is white, his legs are gray, smooth, he licks his white chest and moves his tail slightly, looking at me. - The old mouse said: “You’re a fool, you’re a fool. After all, it’s the cat himself.”

MONKEY AND PEAS

L. N. Tolstoy

The monkey was carrying two full handfuls of peas. One pea popped out; The monkey wanted to pick it up and spilled twenty peas. She rushed to pick it up and spilled everything. Then she got angry, scattered all the peas and ran away.

LION AND MOUSE

L. N. Tolstoy

The lion was sleeping. A mouse ran over his body. He woke up and caught her. The mouse began to ask him to let her in; she said: “If you let me in, I’ll do you good.” The lion laughed that the mouse promised to do good to him, and let it go.
Then the hunters caught the lion and tied it to a tree with a rope. The mouse heard the lion's roar, came running, gnawed the rope and said: “Remember, you laughed, you didn’t think that I could do you any good, but now you see, good can come from a mouse.”

VARYA AND CHIZH

L. N. Tolstoy

Varya had a siskin. The siskin lived in a cage and never sang. Varya came to the siskin. - “It’s time for you, little siskin, to sing.” - “Let me go free, in freedom I will sing all day long.”

THE OLD MAN AND THE APPLE TREES

L. N. Tolstoy

The old man was planting apple trees. They told him: “Why do you need apple trees? It will take a long time to wait for fruit from these apple trees, and you will not eat apples from them.” The old man said: “I won’t eat, others will eat, they will thank me.”

OLD GRANDFATHER AND GRANDSON

L. N. Tolstoy

Grandfather became very old. His legs did not walk, his eyes did not see, his ears did not hear, he had no teeth. And when he ate, it flowed backwards from his mouth. His son and daughter-in-law stopped sitting him at the table and let him dine at the stove. They brought him lunch in a cup. He wanted to move it, but he dropped it and broke it. The daughter-in-law began to scold the old man for ruining everything in the house and breaking cups, and said that now she would give him dinner in a basin. The old man just sighed and said nothing.
Once a man and his wife are sitting at home and watching - their little son is playing on the floor with planks - working out something. The father asked: “What are you doing this, Misha?” And Misha says: “It’s me, father, who is making the basin. When you and your mother are old, so that I can feed you from the basin.”

"Blue Leaves"

V.A. Oseeva

A story for children about friendship

Katya had two green pencils. And Lena has none. So Lena asks Katya:

Give me a green pencil. And Katya says:

I'll ask my mom.

The next day both girls come to school. Lena asks:

Did your mom allow it?

And Katya sighed and said:

Mom allowed it, but I didn’t ask my brother.

Well, ask your brother again,” says Lena.

Katya arrives the next day.

Well, did your brother allow it? - Lena asks.

My brother allowed me, but I'm afraid you'll break your pencil.

“I’m careful,” says Lena. “Look,” says Katya, “don’t fix it, don’t press hard, don’t put it in your mouth.” Don't draw too much.

“I just need to draw leaves on the trees and green grass,” says Lena.

“That’s a lot,” says Katya, and her eyebrows frown. And she made a dissatisfied face.

Lena looked at her and walked away. I didn't take a pencil. Katya was surprised and ran after her:

Well, what are you doing? Take it!

No need,” Lena answers. During the lesson the teacher asks:

Why, Lenochka, are the leaves on your trees blue?

There is no green pencil.

Why didn't you take it from your girlfriend?

Lena is silent. And Katya blushed like a lobster and said:

I gave it to her, but she doesn’t take it.

The teacher looked at both:

You have to give so that you can take.

"How Masha became big"

E. Permyak

Little Masha really wanted to grow up. Very. But she didn’t know how to do it. I tried everything. And I walked in my mother’s shoes. And she was sitting in my grandmother’s hood. And she did her hair like Aunt Katya’s. And I tried on beads. And she put the watch on her hand. Nothing worked. They just laughed at her and made fun of her. One day Masha decided to sweep the floor. And swept it. Yes, she swept it so well that even my mother was surprised:

Mashenka! Are you really getting big with us?

And when Masha washed the dishes clean and wiped them dry, then not only mother, but also father was surprised. He was surprised and said to everyone at the table:

We didn’t even notice how Maria grew up with us. He not only sweeps the floor, but also washes the dishes.

Now everyone calls little Masha big. And she feels like an adult, although she walks around in her tiny shoes and short dress. No hairstyle. No beads. No watch. Apparently, they are not the ones who make little ones big.

"Good"

V.A. Oseeva

Yura woke up in the morning. I looked out the window. The sun is shining. It's a good day. And the boy wanted to do something good himself.

So he sits and thinks: “What if my little sister was drowning, and I would save her!”

And my sister is right here:

Take a walk with me, Yura!

Go away, don't stop me from thinking! My little sister was offended and walked away. And Yura thinks: “If only wolves attacked the nanny, and I would shoot them!”

And the nanny is right there:

Put away the dishes, Yurochka.

Clean it yourself - I have no time!

The nanny shook her head. And Yura thinks again: “If only Trezorka fell into the well, and I would pull him out!”

And Trezorka is right there. His tail wags: “Give me a drink, Yura!”

Go away! Don't bother thinking! Trezorka closed his mouth and climbed into the bushes.

And Yura went to his mother:

What good thing could I do? Mom stroked Yura’s head:

Take a walk with your sister, help the nanny put away the dishes, give Trezor some water.

"Kitty"

L.N. Tolstoy

There were brother and sister - Vasya and Katya; and they had a cat. In the spring the cat disappeared. The children looked for her everywhere, but could not find her. One day they were playing near the barn and heard someone meowing in thin voices overhead. Vasya climbed the ladder under the roof of the barn. And Katya stood and kept asking:

Found? Found?

But Vasya did not answer her. Finally Vasya shouted to her:

Found! Our cat... and she has kittens; so wonderful; come here quickly.

Katya ran home, took out milk and brought it to the cat. There were five kittens. When they grew a little and began to crawl out from under the corner where they had hatched, the children chose one kitten, gray with white paws, and brought it into the house. The mother gave away all the other kittens, but left this one to the children. The children fed him, played with him and took him to bed.

One day the children went to play on the road and took a kitten with them. The wind moved the straw along the road, and the kitten played with the straw, and the children rejoiced at him. Then they found sorrel near the road, went to collect it and forgot about the kitten. Suddenly they heard someone shouting loudly:

"Back, back!" - and they saw that the hunter was galloping, and in front of him two dogs saw a kitten and wanted to grab it. And the kitten, stupid, instead of running, sat down to the ground, hunched its back and looked at the dogs. Katya was scared of the dogs, screamed and ran away from them. And Vasya, as best he could, ran towards the kitten and at the same time as the dogs ran up to it. The dogs wanted to grab the kitten, but Vasya fell with his stomach on the kitten and blocked it from the dogs. The hunter jumped up and drove the dogs away, and Vasya brought the kitten home and never took it with him into the field again.

"How Wolves Teach Their Children"

Lev Tolstoy

I was walking along the road and heard a scream behind me. The shepherd boy shouted. He ran across the field and pointed at someone. I looked and saw two wolves running across the field: one seasoned, the other young. The young man carried a slaughtered lamb on his back and held its leg with his teeth. The seasoned wolf ran behind. When I saw the wolves, I ran after them along with the shepherd, and we began to scream. Men with dogs came running to our cry.

As soon as the old wolf saw the dogs and people, he ran up to the young one, snatched the lamb from him, threw it on his back, and both wolves ran faster and disappeared from sight. Then the boy began to tell how it happened: a large wolf jumped out of the ravine, grabbed the lamb, killed it and carried it away.

A wolf cub ran out and rushed to the lamb. The old man gave the lamb to the young wolf to carry, and he ran lightly next to him. Only when trouble came did the old man leave his studies and take the lamb himself.

L. Tolstoy

The mother bought plums and wanted to give them to the children after lunch. They were still on the plate. Vanya never ate plums and kept smelling them. And he really liked them. I really wanted to eat it. He kept walking past the plums. When there was no one in the upper room, he could not resist, grabbed one plum and ate it. Before dinner, the mother counted the plums and saw that one was missing. She told her father.

At dinner, the father says: “What, children, didn’t anyone eat one plum?” Everyone said: "No." Vanya turned red like a lobster and also said: “No, I didn’t eat.”

Then the father said: “Whatever one of you has eaten is not good; but that’s not the problem. The trouble is that plums have a pit, and if someone doesn’t know how to eat them and swallows the pit, he will die within a day. I'm afraid of this."

Vanya turned pale and said: “No, I threw the bone out the window.”

And that's all They laughed, and Vanya began to cry.

GRANDMOTHER AND GRANDDAUGHTER

L. Tolstoy

The grandmother had a granddaughter; Before, the granddaughter was small and kept sleeping, and the grandmother herself baked bread, chalked the hut, washed, sewed, spun and weaved for her granddaughter; and then the grandmother became old and lay down on the stove and kept sleeping. And the granddaughter baked, washed, sewed, weaved and spun for her grandmother.

GRUSHHINA DOLL

L. Tolstoy

Grusha didn’t have a doll, she took some hay, made a rope out of the hay, and it was her doll; she called her Masha. She took this Masha in her arms. “Sleep, Masha! Sleep, daughter!

Bye, bye, bye."

VARYA AND CHIZH

L. Tolstoy

Varya had a siskin. The siskin lived in a cage and never sang. Varya came to the siskin. “It’s time for you, little siskin, to sing.” - “Let me go free, in freedom I will sing all day long.”

SMART DAW

L. Tolstoy

The jackdaw wanted to drink. There was a jug of water in the yard, and the jug only had water at the bottom. Jackdaw was out of reach. She began throwing pebbles into the jug and added so many that the water became higher and could be drunk.

STUPID BUG

L. Tolstoy

Bug carried a bone across the bridge. Look, her shadow is in the water. It occurred to the Bug that there was not a shadow in the water, but a Bug and a bone. She let her bone go and take it. She didn’t take that one, but hers sank to the bottom.

WOLF AND SQUIRREL

L. Tolstoy

The squirrel jumped from branch to branch and fell straight onto the sleepy wolf. The wolf jumped up and wanted to eat her.

The squirrel began to ask: “Let me go.” The wolf said: “Okay, I’ll let you in, just tell me why you squirrels are so cheerful. I’m always bored, but I look at you, you’re up there all playing and jumping.” The squirrel said: “Let me go to the tree first, I’ll tell you from there, otherwise I’m afraid of you.” The wolf let go, and the squirrel went up a tree and said from there: “You’re bored because you’re angry. Anger burns your heart. And we are cheerful because we are kind and do no harm to anyone.”

TOLD THE TRUTH

L. Tolstoy

The boy was playing and accidentally broke an expensive cup. Nobody saw it. The father came and asked: “Who broke it?” The boy shook with fear and said: “I am.” The father said: “Thank you for telling the truth.”

KITTY

L. Tolstoy

There were brother and sister - Vasya and Katya; and they had a cat. In the spring the cat disappeared. The children looked for her everywhere, but could not find her. One day they were playing near the barn and heard something meowing overhead in thin voices. Vasya climbed the ladder under the roof of the barn. And Katya stood below and kept asking: “Did you find it? found?" But Vasya did not answer her. Finally Vasya shouted to her: “Found it! our cat... she has kittens; how wonderful; come here quickly.”

Katya ran home, took out milk and brought it to the cat.

There were five kittens. When they grew a little and began to crawl out from under the corner where they had hatched, the children chose one kitten, gray with white paws, and brought it into the house. The mother gave away all the other kittens, but left this one to the children. The children fed him, played with him and took him to bed.

One day the children went to play on the road and took a kitten with them.

The wind moved the straw along the road, and the kitten played with the straw, and the children rejoiced at him. Then they found sorrel near the road, went to collect it and forgot about the kitten.

Suddenly they heard someone shouting loudly: “Get back! back!" - and they saw that the hunter was galloping, and in front of him the dogs - they saw a kitten and wanted to grab it. And the kitten, stupid, instead of running, sat down to the ground, hunched its back and looked at the dogs. Katya was scared of the dogs, screamed and ran away from them.

And Vasya, as best he could, ran towards the kitten and at the same time as the dogs ran up to him. The dogs wanted to grab the kitten, but Vasya fell with his stomach on the kitten and blocked it from the dogs.

The hunter jumped up and drove the dogs away, and Vasya brought the kitten home and never took it with him to the field again.

THE OLD MAN AND THE APPLE TREES

L. Tolstoy

The old man was planting apple trees. They told him: “Why do you need these apple trees? It will take a long time to wait for fruit from these apple trees, and you will not eat an apple from them.” The old man said: “I won’t eat, others will eat, they will thank me.”