Summary of a lesson in geography on the topic "Communications and the service sector" (9th grade). Connection. Service area Consolidation of knowledge and methods of action

The purpose of the lesson:

Tasks:

Cognitive:

Consider the natural resources of the seas of Russia;

Reveal the environmental problems of the Russian seas;

Study the seas, straits, bays using maps.

Educational:

Develop the ability to write a description of a geographical object based on the proposed plan;

Continue to develop the ability to independently work with different sources of geographic information

Educational:

Foster a sense of pride in your country and respect for nature;

Main content:

Workshop.

Students' actions:

Download:

Preview:

Lesson topic: Service sector 02/19/2014 8th grade

Homework for lesson 43:1) study § 42; 2) answer questions and complete tasks 3-11 (if in the previous lesson students preferred questionnaires, then task 11 can be omitted); 3) complete tasks 35 on p. 58; 56 and 57 on p. 62 simulators.

Lesson 43. Service industry

The purpose of the lesson:

- introduce students to service industries.

Identify what a service is and what industries make up the service sector.
Expand the concept of “territorial service organization”.
Identify the differences between the service sector in the city and rural areas.
Develop the ability to conduct simple sociological research (questioning).

Tasks:

Cognitive:

Consider the natural resources of the seas of Russia;

Reveal the environmental problems of the Russian seas;

Study the seas, straits, bays using maps.

Educational:

Develop the ability to write a description of a geographical object based on the proposed plan;

Continue to develop the ability to independently work with different sources of geographic information

Educational:

Foster a sense of pride in your country and respect for nature;

Main content:services sector. Composition and importance of the service sector. Types of services. Territorial organization of the service sector. Features of organizing services in cities and rural areas. Territorial service system.

Workshop. Assessing the degree of accessibility of the service sector and the demand for various types of services using the example of your locality.

Students' actions:analyze the text of § 43, the diagram “Composition of the service sector”, conduct a survey to determine the degree of accessibility and demand for various types of services, give proposals for improving the territorial organization of services.

Value component of the lesson:the importance of the service sector for society and oneself personally,problems of development of the non-productive sphere.

Checking homework:
The teacher checks homework based on the material in § 42 and the tasks of the simulator.

1. Repetition of previously studied.

1st place in terms of cargo turnover is…

The most expensive type of transport...

The densest transport network has been formed in the Russian Federation on...

The main advantage of road transport...

The main railway line of the Russian Federation...

The cheapest transportation...

Weather conditions have a particularly strong impact on the work...

The largest port on the Baltic...

1st place in cargo turnover belongs to the ports of... the basin

Shipping between the ports of one's own country is called...

The port has the largest volume of cargo transportation…

Transporting passengers over long distances is the main specialization of...transport.

During the classes:

The teacher greets the students. Everyone greets the guests present together.

Children's response.

Bring to the topic, interest (what?)

It is impossible to imagine the life of a modern person without transport and telephones, without shops, schools, hairdressers, repair shops, theaters, museums - in other words, without the service sector. Our standard of living depends on the level of its development. The service sector or social infrastructure consists of many industries that provide services.

The stage of preparation for the assimilation of new knowledge, the formation of the subjective position of students in the educational process
	Joint determination of activity goals, joint planning of upcoming work, determination of ways to achieve common and individual results
	Awareness and acceptance of the purpose of educational activity by students, inclusion of students in the process of goal setting
	Focus on the interests and needs of students, taking into account their level of preparedness for upcoming activities
	The connection between the problem being studied and life situations of today.

You can give examples of economic sectors and ask them to classify which ones belong to the production sector and which ones do not. At the end of the lesson, repeat this task

The stage of assimilation of new knowledge or methods of action.
	Using the educational value of the material.
	Creating Choice Situations
	Joint distribution of assignments, responsibilities, functions, funds, types of group activities in accordance with the capabilities of each participant in the activity
	Providing opportunities for students to achieve positive results and success in work

Consolidation of knowledge and methods of action.
	The presence of tasks aimed at developing emotional and sensory perception, creative imagination and intuition.
	Supporting the student’s individual achievements and adequately assessing them.
	Formation and development of assessment skills (commenting on the teacher’s assessments, discussing assessments with students, collective assessment, mutual testing and assessment of each other by students) (underline)
	Teacher encouragement of mutual assistance.
	Adequacy of students’ self-assessment of capabilities and abilities

3. Consolidation of new material.

What industries does the non-production sector include?

What is the importance of the service sector for a person?

Continue the sentence - “a service is...”

What types of services do you know?

What industries make up the service sector?

What recreational zones can be identified on the territory of the Russian Federation and the countries of the former USSR?

Name the most popular foreign resorts.

Homework, instructions for completion.
	Focus on the need for a conscientious, systematic approach to homework completion
	Variability of homework
	Algorithm for completing homework

Learning new material:

Three economic sectors:

Primary sector of the economyunites industries related to the extraction of raw materials and their processing into semi-finished products. The primary sector includesAgriculture , fishing , forestry , hunting (agricultural sector) and extraction of natural raw materials (coal , oil , metal ores, etc.).

Secondary sectoreconomy – manufacturing industry And construction .

Tertiary sectoreconomy - services sector . The transition to the dominant tertiary economy is associated with an increase in labor productivity inindustry , in connection with which resources were freed up for the development of the service sector. Service sectors includetransport , connection , trade , tourism , healthcare and so on.

“What is the service sector and what industries form it”

So, the service sector is part of the tertiary sector of the economy, which is increasingly important in modern society. This area is eitherbrings to the consumer what has been produced in other industries (through trade),and ensures their operation (through repairs), oritself produces services for the population (lawyer, actor, teacher, doctor, etc.).That is, there are two types of services.

Let's compare:

Watch factory (material goods - watches)

Watch repair workshop (new material goods are not produced, but repair services are provided).

Most goods reach consumers through the service sector.

In a lesson devoted to the study of the non-productive sector (or service sector), students first of all establish its composition. Figure 75 (p. 203 of the textbook) helps them with this.Working with cards (individually) - give examples for each service sector.

The teacher asks the question: “Why is the role of the non-production sphere increasing in connection with the development of society?”
Modern man needs services and is accustomed to using the service sector throughout his life. Drawing students' attention to the definition (p. 202 of the textbook), the teacher introduces the conceptservice is an activity that does not create a new material product, but changes the quality of the product or provides some benefit in the form of activity.

How do you understand this definition? Disassemble the definition and write it down in a notebook.

Recreational and sanatorium-resort institutions have special specifics of placement. When placing them, it is important not only proximity to the consumer of services, but also the availability of appropriate natural and socio-economic resources. Therefore, two large recreational and resort areas have been formed in our country in the North Caucasus - the most favorable region in Russia in terms of natural conditions, which also has favorable conditions. large reserves of mineral waters and other healing factors. This is the Caucasian Mineral Waters region in the Stavropol Territory (the cities of Pyatigorsk, Zheleznovodsk, Essentuki, etc.) and the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory (Sochi, Anapa, Gelendzhik).

However, recreational and sanatorium-resort institutions in the Moscow region also have a large capacity. Their development was not due to favorable natural conditions, but to the proximity of the consumer. They are designed mainly for short-term rest and treatment. Important tourism centers are located in the Northwestern (St. Petersburg with its suburbs, Rostov Veliky, Novgorod, Pskov) and Central economic regions (the city of Zolotoyrings Russia - Moscow, Vladimir, Suzdal, Yaroslavl, Uglich, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Sergiev Posad).

The next issue discussed in the lesson is “Territorial organization of the service sector.” (What services do you use every day? Give examples.) (What services do you use occasionally? Periodically? Give examples.)

The location of institutions is determined primarily by the frequency of demand.

Us. 204 textbooks schoolchildren find the answer to the question of what includesterritorial service organization.

Income of the population determines the ratio of self-service and public services. The higher the family income level, the smaller the share of self-service, since the need to save money on services provided by specialized service organizations disappears. As incomes rise, the demands for the quantity and quality of services provided also grow.

Here you can come up with something with questionnaires!!!

Using medical care as an example, students identify the features of the territorial service system.

Google map with signed institutions of the Central region

Organization of services in cities and rural areas

Come up with a task (so that you can figure it out yourself). Can print out site plans... for kids to work with
Then the question of how service organization differs in urban and rural areas is discussed. It is advisable for students to express themselves on this issue based on personal observations and experience.
At the end of the lesson, students complete tasks under the headings “I can do this” and “This is interesting to me” on p. 205 textbook.

Practical work

(possibly with questionnaires)

Homework:1) study § 43; 2) answer questions 1-4 on p. 205; 3) complete tasks No. 14 on p. 52; No. 37 on p. 58-59; No. 58 on p. 62 simulators.

Recreational economy

Regions are distinguished: 1) on the basis of natural resources and conditions (ChPK, Caucasian Mining Waters, Baikal);

2) around large cities (large recreational zone - Moscow region);

3) valuable cultural and historical objects (Sergiev Posad, Suzdal, palace and park objects of St. Petersburg - Petrodvorets, Pavlov, Pushkin).

The recreational sector is distributed extremely unevenly throughout the country; most of the institutions are concentrated in the European part of the Russian Federation, in the North Caucasus region. region, in the Middle Urals. The main problem of the recreational sector is that the network of recreation and tourism institutions created in the country does not meet the needs of the population for services. For example, the demand for excursion services is satisfied only by 20 - 30%; in the total volume of paid services, the weight of health services does not exceed 10%. It is also relevant today that after the collapse of the USSR, the most comfortable resorts of the Crimea, Transcaucasia and the Baltic states remained outside the borders of the Russian Federation.

The main features of the service sector can be identified:

1. The place and time of production and consumption of services for most types of services coincide. Therefore, when placing

For most service organizations, the most important focus is on the consumer - either on his place of residence, or on his place of work, or on transport flows between places of residence and work. 2. Services can be needed by everyone and always (for example, housing and communal services), by many and always (transport - for trips for a wide variety of purposes), by a few and always (schools - for those families with school-age children), few and sometimes (hospitals - people with poor health conditions).

3. Services can generally be classified as routine (needed all the time), intermittent (needed one to several times a month), and occasional (needed a few times a year or less). For the first group, proximity to consumers - their home or work - is especially important. Organizations providing services are usually the smallest, and their networks are the densest. For occasional services, quality, diversity, and availability of specialists are more important. Organizations are the largest, and they are usually located in places that are equally accessible to a large number of consumers (in the city center). Organizations providing periodic services, in terms of characteristics, occupy an intermediate position between the two extreme groups, and their location is most closely related to traffic flows.

4. Most services are characterized by sharp temporary fluctuations in the need for them. These fluctuations can be daily (morning and evening watch peak in transport), weekly (the load on entertainment institutions is mainly on weekends), seasonal (resort season for recreation and treatment institutions, as well as for “all other service organizations in resort areas). The total capacity of organizations should be such as to ensure that needs are met during peak periods. But a significant part of the time, “peak” capacities are idle, which reduces the economic efficiency of the service sector.

5. For each type of service, it is possible to identify the minimum and optimal size of enterprises in terms of quality and cost of services. At the same time, organizations of minimal size usually predominate. The consolidation of sizes leads to improved quality and lower costs, but at the same time there is a distance between service organizations and consumers. Thus, social efficiency (convenience for consumers) comes into conflict with economic efficiency (optimal size of enterprises).

6. Paid and free services are distinguished. The latter are also paid, but their provision is financed by the entire society as a whole through the corresponding budgetary and extra-budgetary funds. Therefore, for specific consumers they are free. Paid services are provided to everyone who wants to receive them and is able to pay. Therefore, the relationship between specific consumers and organizations turns out to be probabilistic. The more accessible it is to the consumer, the greater the likelihood of using a particular enterprise. For free services, as a rule, there is a clear connection (territorial) of consumers to organizations. Typically, consumers are tied to the nearest (territorially) organizations, but the peculiarities of the administrative structure can disrupt this dependence.

7. One of the main criteria for the level of development of the service sector and the optimality of its territorial organization is the availability of services. It can be territorial (temporary) and financial (profitable). Territorial service system - service institutions along with their zone of influence. Accordingly, it is possible to identify service centers - points that serve not only their own population, but also from other places. Availability in this case can be expressed as the proportion of people using the service out of the total population in the area of influence that needs this service.

8. Territorial service systems differ between cities and rural areas. In cities, the system consists of three levels: 1) city; 2) residential area; 3) microdistrict. For each level, its own kit service sector institutions.

In large cities, the population of microdistricts reaches 20 thousand people, districts - up to 100-150 thousand people. In small towns, only microdistricts with a population of 4-6 thousand people are distinguished. As a rule, all daily services are provided within the microdistrict. The main thing is proximity to the consumer (within walking distance of 5-10 minutes) with a minimum level of quality. Most periodic services are provided within the area. Organizations are most often concentrated in transport hubs (highway intersections, metro stations, etc.). Territorial accessibility - 5-10 minutes by public transport. Almost all services, including occasional ones, are provided at the city level. For them, the main thing is quality while being accessible to the maximum number of consumers. Therefore, the relevant organizations are usually concentrated in the city center.

9. In the countryside it is relatively full kit daily service institutions can only be created in settlements with more than 1 thousand inhabitants. This will correspond to a microdistrict in the city, but some organizations will have to be subsidized, so the number of clients will be too small for break-even work. In smaller settlements there will be only individual institutions (shops, schools, hospitals, etc.), and in most rural settlements there are no service institutions at all. Episodic and most periodic services to rural residents are provided in cities, which is one of the manifestations of the central functions of cities.

10. Several main indicators of the development of the service sector can be identified. In rural areas, transport and road networks are especially important to ensure that consumers reach service centers. Therefore, a very important indicator is the density of the transport network. For each type of service, satisfaction can be determined - by standards (normative method) or by actual consumption (behavioral method). The consumption of services per person (in absolute or monetary terms) is also important, but per capita consumption must necessarily be correlated with accessibility - the share of those consuming the service out of all those in need of it. Average per capita consumption can be relatively high, while for the majority of those in need the service may be inaccessible for one reason or another. An important indicator is the complexity of the service sector. The provision of many types of services can be very well developed, but the services are not interchangeable. And the absence of at least one of the basic services makes the entire service sector undeveloped and unable to satisfy needs. Finally, the importance of the service sector in the economy is judged by its share of GDP and employment. But at the same time, sometimes even a 100% share of the service sector is not evidence of its high level of development, but an indicator of the underdevelopment of all other sectors of the economy (for example, such a situation may arise in a mining town after the closure of all mines).

Lesson topic: Service sector 02/19/2014 8th grade

Homework for lesson 43: 1) study § 42; 2) answer questions and complete tasks 3-11 (if in the previous lesson students preferred questionnaires, then task 11 can be omitted); 3) complete tasks 35 on p. 58; 56 and 57 on p. 62 simulators.

Lesson 43. Service industry

The purpose of the lesson:

- introduce students to service industries.

Tasks:

Cognitive:

Consider the natural resources of the seas of Russia;

Reveal the environmental problems of the Russian seas;

Study the seas, straits, bays using maps.

Educational:

Develop the ability to write a description of a geographical object based on the proposed plan;

Continue to develop the ability to independently work with different sources of geographic information

Educational:

Foster a sense of pride in your country and respect for nature;

Main content: services sector. Composition and importance of the service sector. Types of services. Territorial organization of the service sector. Features of organizing services in cities and rural areas. Territorial service system.

Workshop. Assessing the degree of accessibility of the service sector and the demand for various types of services using the example of your locality.

Students' actions: analyze the text of § 43, the diagram “Composition of the service sector”, conduct a survey to determine the degree of accessibility and demand for various types of services, give proposals for improving the territorial organization of services.

Value component of the lesson: the importance of the service sector for society and oneself personally, problems of development of the non-productive sphere.

Checking homework:
The teacher checks homework based on the material in § 42 and the tasks of the simulator.

1. Repetition of previously studied.

1st place in terms of cargo turnover is…

The most expensive type of transport...

The densest transport network has been formed in the Russian Federation on...

The main advantage of road transport...

The main railway line of the Russian Federation...

The cheapest transportation...

Weather conditions have a particularly strong impact on the work...

The largest port on the Baltic...

1st place in cargo turnover belongs to the ports of... the basin

Shipping between the ports of one's own country is called...

The port has the largest volume of cargo transportation…

Transporting passengers over long distances is the main specialization of...transport.

During the classes:

Organizational stage

The teacher greets the students. Everyone greets the guests present together.

Children's response.

Comprehensive knowledge testing stage

Bring to the topic, interest (what?)

The stage of preparation for the assimilation of new knowledge, the formation of the subjective position of students in the educational process

You can give examples of economic sectors and ask them to classify which ones belong to the production sector and which ones do not. At the end of the lesson, repeat this task

The stage of assimilation of new knowledge or methods of action.

Testing students' understanding of new material.

Consolidation of knowledge and methods of action.

3. Consolidation of new material.

What industries does the non-production sector include?

What is the importance of the service sector for a person?

Continue the sentence - “a service is...”

What types of services do you know?

What industries make up the service sector?

What recreational zones can be identified on the territory of the Russian Federation and the countries of the former USSR?

Name the most popular foreign resorts.

Reflection

Homework, instructions for completion.

Learning new material:

Three economic sectors:

Primary sector of the economy unites industries related to the extraction of raw materials and their processing into semi-finished products. The primary sector includes, , , (agricultural sector) and extraction of natural raw materials (, , metal ores and so on.).

Secondary sector - And .

Tertiary sector- . The transition to the dominant tertiary economy is associated with an increase in labor productivity, which frees up resources for the development of the service sector. Service sectors include , , , , etc.

“What is the service sector and what industries form it”

So, the service sector is part of the tertiary sector of the economy, which is increasingly important in modern society. This area is either brings to the consumer what has been produced in other industries (through trade), and ensures their operation (through repairs), or itself produces services for the population (lawyer, actor, teacher, doctor, etc.). That is, there are two types of services.

Let's compare:

Watch factory (material goods - watches)

Watch repair workshop (new material goods are not produced, but repair services are provided).

Most goods reach consumers through the service sector.

In a lesson devoted to the study of the non-productive sector (or service sector), students first of all establish its composition. Figure 75 (p. 203 of the textbook) helps them with this. Working with cards (individually) - give examples for each service sector.

The teacher asks the question: “Why is the role of the non-production sphere increasing in connection with the development of society?”
Modern man needs services and is accustomed to using the service sector throughout his life. Drawing students' attention to the definition (p. 202 of the textbook), the teacher introduces the concept service is an activity that does not create a new material product, but changes the quality of the product or provides some benefit in the form of activity.

How do you understand this definition? Disassemble the definition and write it down in a notebook.

However, recreational and sanatorium-resort institutions in the Moscow region also have a large capacity. Their development was not due to favorable natural conditions, but to the proximity of the consumer. They are designed mainly for short-term rest and treatment. Important tourism centers are located in the Northwestern (St. Petersburg with its suburbs, Rostov Veliky, Novgorod, Pskov) and Central economic regions (the city of Zolotoy Russia - Moscow, Vladimir, Suzdal, Yaroslavl, Uglich, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Sergiev Posad).

The location of institutions is determined primarily by the frequency of demand.

Us. 204 textbooks schoolchildren find the answer to the question of what includes territorial service organization.

Here you can come up with something with questionnaires!!!

Using medical care as an example, students identify the features of the territorial service system.

Google map with signed institutions of the Central region

Organization of services in cities and rural areas

Come up with a task (so that you can figure it out yourself). Can print out site plans... for kids to work with
Then the question of how service organization differs in urban and rural areas is discussed. It is advisable for students to express themselves on this issue based on personal observations and experience.
At the end of the lesson, students complete tasks under the headings “I can do this” and “This is interesting to me” on p. 205 textbook.

Practical work

(possibly with questionnaires)

Homework: 1) study § 43; 2) answer questions 1-4 on p. 205; 3) complete tasks No. 14 on p. 52; No. 37 on p. 58-59; No. 58 on p. 62 simulators.

Recreational economy

Regions are distinguished: 1) on the basis of natural resources and conditions (ChPK, Caucasian Mining Waters, Baikal);

2) around large cities (large recreational zone - Moscow region);

3) valuable cultural and historical objects (Sergiev Posad, Suzdal, palace and park objects of St. Petersburg - Petrodvorets, Pavlov, Pushkin).

The main features of the service sector can be identified:

1. The place and time of production and consumption of services for most types of services coincide. Therefore, when placing

4. Most services are characterized by sharp temporary fluctuations in the need for them. These fluctuations can be daily (morning and evening peak in transport), weekly (the load on entertainment institutions is mainly on weekends), seasonal (resort season for recreation and treatment institutions, as well as for “all other service organizations in resort areas). The total capacity of organizations should be such as to ensure that needs are met during peak periods. But a significant part of the time, “peak” capacities are idle, which reduces the economic efficiency of the service sector.

9. In the countryside it is relatively full daily service institutions can only be created in settlements with more than 1 thousand inhabitants. This will correspond to a microdistrict in the city, but some organizations will have to be subsidized, so the number of clients will be too small for break-even work. In smaller settlements there will be only individual institutions (shops, schools, hospitals, etc.), and in most rural settlements there are no service institutions at all. Episodic and most periodic services to rural residents are provided in cities, which is one of the manifestations of the central functions of cities.

Sections: Geography

Tasks:

Form an idea of the types of communication and...
Show the composition of the service sector and the geography of the service sector. To introduce the recreational economy of Russia.
Develop the ability to work with text; prepare a message and present it to an audience.
Foster hard work and tolerance.

Lesson type: familiarization with new material.

Didactic purpose: create conditions for mastering educational material using ISE technology.

Form of organization: frontal, group, individual.

Lesson format: lecture session.

Didactic support: Physical map of Russia, political and administrative, map of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, books, photographs.

The lesson plan is written on the board.

1. Types of communication:

a) postal;

b) electric.

2. Level of development.

3. Service area:

a) composition of the service sector

b) housing and communal services.

4. Recreational facilities:

a) requirements for the recreational area;

b) factors influencing the formation of recreational areas.

During the classes

I. Psychological moment - 2 min.

Appeal to the guys :

And before we start the lesson
I want to say: “I’m glad to see you,
Look into the intelligent eyes
After all, there is a reward for me!”

Address to guests:

I want to welcome guests
Hoping honestly in my heart,
I want to teach the lesson like this
Make it interesting!

I’m in a cheerful mood and therefore I announce that the epigraph to the topic of the lesson is the words from the song “ Call me".

Before we move on to the topic of the lesson? Let's review the nomenclature related to the topic of the lesson.

II. Frontal conversation with the class – 3 min.

What is an infrastructure complex?
What does the infrastructure complex have in common?
What sectors are included in the infrastructure complex?
What is the difference between the production and non-production spheres of the complex?
To which area of the complex can the topic of our lesson be attributed?

III. Learning new material - 15 min.

The teacher presents the material according to the lesson plan written on the board, using diagrams, tables and additional material.

Communication is a branch of the economy that provides the reception and transmission of information.

Communication is divided into two main types: postal and electrical.

What do you think the postal service does?

Additional material: “Postal service first appeared in Siberia in 1698. I went 3 times in the summer from Moscow to Tobolsk, then to Yeniseisk, Nerchinsk and Yakutsk. A telephone exchange appeared in Krasnoyarsk in 1862. Since 1930 renamed Krasnoyarsk regional hub. 09/15/1937 A post office has been created in Krasnoyarsk.”

What types of electrical communications do you know? Describe one of them.

Additional material: “In Krasnoyarsk, the first two telephone sets were installed in the State Bank for internal telephone communication in 1861. The first city government telephone station in Krasnoyarsk with a capacity of 50 numbers was put into operation on December 15, 1897, and was located in the house of Smirnov and Seidel. In 1953 “Siemens” telephone exchange with 3000 numbers was put into operation.”

The service sector consists of the following industries:

Department of Housing and Utilities.
Social security services for the population.
Trade and catering.
Household services.
Communication services.
Cultural service.
Community service and child education.
Credit and financial services.
Recreational services.
Medical service.
Passenger transport.

Exercise:Distribute examples by industry - waste removal, shops, theaters, banks, schools, sanatoriums, post offices, nursing homes, home repairs, orphanages, markets, hairdressers, baths, telephones, libraries, kindergartens, insurance companies, rest homes, hospitals, pharmacies.

Recreational farming. The main task is to provide people with rest.

Requirements for a recreational area:

Relief (flat, hilly, mountainous);
Favorable climate (non-hot summers and mild winters), optimal average temperatures from -15 to +25C;
Availability of water bodies (rivers and lakes);
Historical and cultural monuments;
Mineral waters and therapeutic muds;
Warm sea;
Life safety (low crime rate).

Factors in the formation of recreational areas:

Based on natural conditions and resources;
Around major cities;
Historical and cultural objects.

The teacher and students provide information about the recreational resources of the region.

IV. Work in groups - 10 min.

1st group: What is an important stage on the path of Russia's integration into the world system?

2nd group: Why does Russia lag behind many countries in the world in terms of housing provision and its quality?

Group 3: What do recreational areas include? Specialization of districts.

4th group: List the types of electrical communications. How are they developed?

5th group: What is the role of postal services and the level of its development?

Homework: prepare reports on local recreational resources.

V. Work on IOPs - 10 min.

Regulatory level (at “3”).

Name and show on the map the most developed areas of recreation, tourism and sanatorium treatment in Russia.
List why Russia lags behind many countries in the world in terms of housing provision and its quality.

Competent level (at “4”).

What is a recreational area?
What conditions are necessary for its creation?
Describe the prerequisites for the development of recreation and tourism areas in the region and region.

Creative level (at “5”).

Assignment No. 1, No. 2 on page 197.
Make and describe a tourist trip route for lovers of one of the types of tourism.

VI. Lesson reflection - 3 min.

Which stage of the lesson teaches you to think and observe?
At what stage of the lesson did you try to apply your knowledge?
How do you feel at the end of the lesson?

VII. Summing up the lesson - 2 min.

But time does not slow down:
The lesson went by so quickly
I told you everything about connections -
Everyone managed to learn everything.

Lesson 43. Communication. Service sector

20.08.2014 6225 0

Objectives: To form an idea of the types of communication and the level of its development. Show the composition of the service sector and the geography of the service sector. To introduce the recreational economy of Russia. Develop the ability to work with text, statistical material, and conduct surveys.

Equipment: Physical and political-administrative maps, booklets with photographs of resort cities, collections of postage stamps.

During the classes

I. Organizational moment

II. Checking homework

1) Check the implementation of the sociocultural workshop.

2) Listening to the abstract. The abstract must have theoretical material and its own research. The student can also speak at the annual scientific and practical conference, which usually takes place in schools in March.

3) Discuss the question in the “My Point of View” section. What type of transport and other things will you choose when getting from your locality to Arkhangelsk, Astrakhan, Vladivostok? What settlements will your route pass through?

4) Geographic test:

1. The first place in Russia in terms of cargo turnover is... transport.

a) railway;

b) pipeline;

c) automobile.

2. What is the most expensive type of transport?

a) automobile;

b) aviation;

c) sea.

3. The most dense transport network has been formed in Russia...

a) in the west;

b) in the north;

c) in the east.

4. The main advantage of road transport?

a) this is a seasonal mode of transport;

b) he takes a lot of cargo;

c) he is mobile;

d) it carries the bulk of passengers.

5. The main railway line of Russia...

a) Trans-Siberian;

b) Baikal-Amur;

c) Pechora.

6. The cheapest transportation...

a) railway;

b) automobile;

c) sea.

7. Weather conditions have a particularly strong impact on work...

a) air transport;

b) automobile;

c) pipeline.

8. The largest share of the Russian fleet is... the fleet.

a) icebreaker; b) fishing;

c) passenger; d) bulk.

9. The largest port in the Baltic...

a) Kaliningrad; b) Vyborg;

in Saint-Petersburg; d) Murmansk.

10. The first place in cargo turnover belongs to ports...

a) the Pacific Basin; b) the Baltic basin;

c) Northern Basin; d) Black Sea basin.

11. The Northern Sea Route starts from the port...

a) Arkhangelsk;

b) Murmansk;

in Saint-Petersburg.

12. Shipping between the ports of one’s country is called... (kabop

13. Match:

Ports Cargo

1. Novorossiysk; a) chemical raw materials;

2. Dudinka; b) ores, metal;

3. Igarka; in the forest;

4. Murmansk. d) oil.

14. The port has the largest volume of cargo transportation...

a) Murmansk; b) St. Petersburg;

c) Nakhodka; d) Novorossiysk.

15. The main navigable river basin of Russia...

a) Volga-Kama;

b) Angaro-Yenisei;

c) Amursky.

16. Transportation of passengers over long distances is the main specialization...

a) road transport;

b) air transport;

c) railway transport.

Answers: 1 - b; 2 - b; 3 - a; 4 - in; 5 - a; 6 - in; 7-a; 8-6; 9- in; 10-a; 11 - b; 12 - cabotage; 13 - 1-g, 2-6, 3-c, 4-a; 14 - b; 15 - a; 16 - b.

We introduced you to the industries of the manufacturing sector. Today we will study the composition and sectors of the non-manufacturing sector. The non-productive sphere serves the population (service sector) and ensures the existence of the state and society as a whole (management, science, law enforcement).

Question for the class:

- What is the difference between these areas?(The production sector produces goods (material goods) or provides services that support the production process.)

One of the parts of the non-productive sector is the service sector, which provides services to the population. A service is work that is designed to satisfy the needs of the customer, client.

The service sector consists of the following industries:

1. Department of Housing and Utilities

The task of housing and communal services is to maintain residential buildings, improve houses and yards, repair housing, water and electricity supplies, elevators, and waste removal.

2. Social security services

3. Trade and catering

The objects that make up this industry are shops, canteens, cafes, markets, etc. Assignment: Name the objects in your city or village that make up this industry.

4. Household services

Consumer service enterprises include ateliers, hairdressers, baths, watch shops, photography studios, etc.

5. Communication services

Postal service, telephone, telegraph, etc.

6. Cultural service

Theatres, circuses, cultural centers, libraries, etc.

Assignment: Name the cultural institutions in your area (city)?

7. Public services for the upbringing and education of childrenKindergartens, schools.

8. Credit and financial servicesBanks, insurance companies.

9. Recreational services

Recreation is resources that contribute to the restoration of human health, creating conditions for good rest. Recreational resources include sanatoriums, holiday homes, boarding houses, etc.

10. Medical service

Hospitals, pharmacies, clinics, etc.

11. Passenger transport

Assignment: Name the types of passenger transport.

Today we will take a closer look at communication services, housing and communal services and recreational services. Let's hear the messages:

Question for the class:

- What are the most popular foreign resorts?(Egypt, Canary Islands, Cyprus, Greece, Turkey and other countries.)

Discuss the possibilities of creating a recreational facility(s) in your area. What is the specialization of the recreational area: tourism, treatment, recreation? The project for creating a recreational facility may include possible options for active recreation (skiing, hunting, fishing, river rafting).

According to school A., tasks 1-2 under the heading “Imagine that...”. For the second task, the class can be divided into groups. Each group prepares an advertisement (brochure) for their route.

Homework

According to school D.: §37.

According to school A.: §39, sociocultural workshop.

To repeat the principles of location of enterprises included in inter-industry complexes:

Fuel and energy:

1. TPP - for fuel;

2. CHP - at the consumer;

3. Hydroelectric power station - taking into account natural conditions;

4. NPP - at the consumer's site, taking into account safety measures;

5. Coal - for raw materials;

6. Oil (oil production, oil refining) - at the field (refinery - at the consumer);

7. Gas - near the fields.

Metallurgical complex:

1. Full cycle plants - for raw materials, for fuel, or between them;

2. Small metallurgy plants (in large cities, mechanical engineering centers);

3. Plants of light non-ferrous metals (aluminum) - near hydroelectric power stations - sources of cheap energy;

4. Plants of heavy non-ferrous metals - (copper smelting) - mining and processing plants and smelting of crude metal - at the raw material site, smelting of refined metal - at the consumer.

Mechanical engineering complex:

1. Precision (labor-intensive) engineering factories (in large cities, targeting qualified personnel);

2. Heavy (metal-intensive engineering) factories - near raw materials, in areas of metallurgical bases.

Chemical-forest complex.

1. Potash fertilizer plant - raw materials;

2. Phosphate fertilizer plant - at the consumer;

3. Nitrogen fertilizer plant - to gas pipelines (to raw materials);

4. Tire plant (tire) - for raw materials;

5. Synthetic fiber plant - near the water, and a hydroelectric power station;

6. Pulp and paper mills - near the water.

Communications, service sector

Target : To form an idea of the types of communication and the level of its development. Show the composition of the service sector and the geography of the service sector. Get acquainted with the recreational economy of Russia. Develop skills in working with text, statistical material, and conducting surveys.

Equipment : Physical and political-administrative maps, booklets with photographs of resort cities, a collection of postage stamps.

Organization and course of the lesson.

I. Organizational moment. Hello guys! Sit down! The class attendants prepare on a piece of paper or speak out loud to students who are absent from class.

Today we are starting to study a new topic for you: “Communications, service sector.” Open your workbooks and write down the topic of today's lesson (it is listed on the board): “Communications, Service Industry.”

II. Checking homework.

1) Discuss the question in the “My Point of View” section. What type of transport and other things will you choose when getting from your locality to Arkhangelsk, Astrakhan, Vladivostok? What settlements will your route pass through?

And now, guys, we will do a little test work.

Geographic test:

1. The first place in Russia in terms of cargo turnover is... transport.

a) railway;

b) pipeline;

c) automobile

2. What is the most expensive type of transport?

a) automobile;

b) aviation;

c) sea.

3. The most dense transport network has been formed in Russia...

a) in the west;

b) in the north;

c) in the east.

4. The main advantage of road transport?

a) this is a seasonal mode of transport;

b) he takes a lot of cargo;

c) he is mobile;

d) it carries the bulk of passengers.

5. The main railway line of Russia...

a) Trans-Siberian;

b) Baikal-Amur;

c) Pechora.

6. The cheapest transportation...

a) railway;

b) automobile;

c) sea.

7. Weather conditions have a particularly strong impact on work...

a) air transport;

b) automobile;

c) pipeline.

8. The largest share of the Russian fleet is... the fleet.

a) icebreaker;

b) fishing;

c) passenger;

d) bulk.

9. The largest port in the Baltic...

a) Kaliningrad;

b) Vyborg;

in Saint-Petersburg;

d) Murmansk.

10. The first place in cargo turnover belongs to ports...

a) the Pacific Basin;

b) the Baltic basin;
c) Northern Basin;

d) Black Sea basin.

11. The Northern Sea Route starts from the port...

a) Arkhangelsk;

b) Murmansk;

in Saint-Petersburg.

12. Shipping between the ports of one’s own country is called... (cabotage).

Match:
Ports: Cargoes:

Novorossiysk;

Dudinka;

Igarka;

Murmansk.

a) chemical raw materials;

b) ores, metal;

in the forest;

d) oil.

14. The port has the largest volume of cargo transportation...
a) Murmansk;

b) St. Petersburg;

c) Nakhodka;

d) Novorossiysk

15. The main navigable river basin of Russia...

a) Volga-Kama;

b) Angaro-Yenisei;

c) Amursky.

16. Transportation of passengers over long distances is the main specialization...

a) road transport;

b) air transport,

c) railway transport.

Answers: 1 - b; 2 - b; 3 - a; 4 - in; 5 - a; b - c; 7 - a; 8 - 6; 9 - c, 10 - a; 11 - b; 12 - cabotage; 13 – 1" - g, 2 - 6, 3 - e, 4 - a; 14 - 6; 15 - a; 16 – 6

III. Learning new material.

Question for the class:

What is the difference between these areas? (The production sector produces goods (material goods) or provides services that support the production process.)

One of the parts of the non-productive sector is the service sector, which provides services to the population.

Services – This is work that is designed to satisfy the needs of the customer, the client.

The service sector consists of the following industries:

1. The task of housing and communal services is to maintain residential buildings, improve houses and yards, repair housing, water and electricity supplies, elevators, and waste removal.

2. Social security services for the population. This includes maintaining homes for the elderly and disabled, orphanages, and social insurance.

3. Trade and catering. The objects that make up this industry are shops, canteens, cafes, markets, etc.Exercise: Name the objects in your city or village that make up this industry.

4. Household services. Consumer service enterprises include ateliers, hairdressers, baths, watch shops, photography studios, etc.

5. Communication services. Postal service, telephone, telegraph, etc.

6. Cultural services. Theatres, circuses, cultural centers, libraries, etc.Exercise: Name the cultural institutions in your area (city)?

7. Public services for the upbringing and education of children. Kindergartens, schools.

8. Credit and financial services Banks, insurance companies.

9. Recreational services. Recreation – these are resources that contribute to the restoration of human health, creating conditions for good rest. Recreational resources include sanatoriums, rest homes, boarding houses, etc. Medical services, hospitals, pharmacies, clinics, etc.

10. Passenger transport. Exercise: Name the types of passenger transport. Today we will take a closer look at communication services, housing and communal services and recreational services.

Connection.

Connection is an industry that provides the reception and transmission of information.

Communication is divided into 2 types:postal And electrical .

Postal service deals with the reception, transportation and delivery of postal items (letters, parcels, parcels, transfers, etc.). The level of development of postal services is high, it is not inferior to developed European countries: there are 3 communication enterprises per 10 thousand inhabitants.

Electrical connection consists of telephone, telegraph, space communications, e-mail, television and radio broadcasting. Enterprises providing these types of communications are connected to each other by cable, radio relay and satellite communication channels.

By 1996, the waiting list to install home telephones in Russia was about 10 million people. In terms of telephone penetration, Russia is inferior to developed countries. There are 18 telephones per 100 inhabitants in Russia, in Sweden - 68, in the USA - 63, in Japan - 49. In many Russian villages (more than 50% of villages) there are no telephones.

Demand for telephone installation pushed the development of wireless communications -cellular . The repeaters of this connection are located at the corners of the hexagon, similar to a honeycomb. The first cellular communication system appeared in Russia in 1991, but the pace of its development is very high.

Internet is a telecommunications network. By the beginning of 1997, there were 40 million users on the Internet; in 2000, there were about 100 million people. There are more than 3 million users of the Internet computer network in Russia. The leader in this network is Moscow.

Department of Housing and Utilities.

Department of Housing and Utilities - a service industry that deals with the maintenance of housing stock. The population of Russia is provided with housing worse than in developed countries. The quality of housing is much lower. 40 million people (1/3 of the Russian population) need housing.

In the 90s, the country had a very low rate of housing construction, which led to the fact that the deterioration of housing increased and was equal to 60%. Housing with such a degree of deterioration is classified as dilapidated.

On average there is about 18 m per person 2 total area. This is 2-3 times less than in developed countries.

According to medical standards, there should be one more room per family than the number of family members (this is determined by the formula P + 1). That is, a family of 3 people should live in a 4-room apartment.

Russia has a high proportion of poor housing. In 52 cities and 845 villagesthere is no sewerage system, and in rural areas more than half of the houses do not have running water, sewerage, or heating systems. A traditional Russian stove heats the home.

Question for the class :

Who has an extra room in the apartment?

What other housing and communal services problems do you see in this industry?(Problems: 1. Worn housing, 2. Low supply of housing; 3. Poor living conditions)

Recreational facilities should provide recreation for people. Restoration of health and human strength takes place in special institutions: sanatoriums,maximum recreation, boarding houses, camp sites. A cluster of these institutions in one cityforms a resort town.

Question for the class :

- What resort cities can you name?(Sochi, Anapa, Kislovodsk, Pyati Gorsk, etc.)

Requirements for a recreational area:

Relief (flat, hilly, mountainous);

Favorable climate (non-hot summers and mild winters), optimalaverage temperatures from -15…+25° C;

3. Availability of water bodies (rivers and lakes);

Historical and cultural monuments;

Mineral waters and therapeutic muds;

Warm sea;

Life safety (low crime rate).

Factors in the formation of recreational areas:

Based on natural conditions and resources (Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, Caucasian mineral waters, Lake Baikal);

Around large cities (large recreational area - Moscow region);

Historical and cultural sites (Sergiev Posad, Suzdal, palace and parkobjects of St. Petersburg - Petrodvorets, Pavlov, Pushkin).

In recent years, most of the townspeople have been relaxing in their garden plots.areas. The reason for such a holiday is the low standard of living of the Russian population. However, in recent years, the flow of tourists to foreign countries in Europe andSouth-West Asia.

Question for the class :

What are the most popular foreign resorts?(Egypt, Canary islands, Cyprus, Greece, Türkiye and other countries)

IV. Consolidation.

Discuss the possibilities of creating a recreational facility(s) in your areaarea. What is the specialization of the recreational area: tourism, treatment, recreation?The project for creating a recreational facility may include possible optionsactive recreation (skiing, hunting, fishing, river rafting).

V . Homework. §37. To repeat the principles of location of enterprises included in inter-industry complexes:

Fuel and energy :

TPP - for fuel;

CHP - at the consumer;

HPP - taking into account natural conditions;

NPP - at the consumer's site, taking into account safety measures;

Coal - for raw materials;

Oil (oil production, oil refining) - at the field (refinery - at the consumer);

Gas - near the fields. Metallurgical complex:

Full cycle plants - at raw materials, at fuel, or between them;

Small metallurgy plants (in large cities, mechanical engineering centers);

Plants of light non-ferrous metals (aluminum) - hydroelectric power stations are sources of cheap energy;

Plants of heavy non-ferrous metals - (copper smelting) - GOK and smelting of crude metal - at the raw material, smelting of refined metal - at the consumer.

Mechanical engineering complex :

Precision (labor-intensive) engineering factories (in large cities, targeting qualified personnel);

Heavy (metal-intensive engineering) factories - near raw materials, in areas of metallurgical bases.

Chemical-forest complex :

Potash fertilizer plant - raw materials;

Phosphate fertilizer plant - at the consumer;

Nitrogen fertilizer plant - to gas pipelines (to raw materials);

Tire plant (tire) - for raw materials;

Synthetic fiber plant - near the water, and a hydroelectric power station;

Pulp and paper mills - by the water.