The next International Naval Show (IMMS-2017) has finished its work in St. Petersburg. The era of large state defense orders is coming to an end, and the desire of shipbuilders to take their share of work and money is only growing. The fleet, in turn, is searching for new design solutions.

It's getting crowded on Vasilyevsky Island. Before us is the last IMDS, held on the territory of the Lenexpo complex in Gavan. Starting in 2019, the salon will be moved to Kronstadt, to the site of the Patriot Park branch being created there. This will certainly complicate logistics and the work of the participants - after all, for a multi-day business event, Vasilievsky is much more accessible than Kotlin.

Noting the inexorable desire of the current leadership to gather all major military-industrial exhibitions in the territories of their new brainchild (other examples: Russia Arms Expo and the MAKS air show), I would only like to carefully wish that the opposite process does not happen under the next heads of the military department. “New brooms” often have new hobbies, which can have a negative impact on the costs and efficiency of established, traditional events, whose life cycle is designed for several generations of federal dignitaries.

Perhaps the main premiere of the salon was the long-awaited display of the Pantsir-M anti-aircraft missile and artillery system (in the export version "ME"). The long road to the new “horned” weapon, as this type of weapon is disrespectfully nicknamed in the navy, is finally coming to an end. The line of the Soviet "Kortik" finally received a very promising successor, already growing out of the usual framework of the "self-defense complex": the far border of the affected area was pushed back from 8-10 kilometers at "Kortik" ("Kortika-M") to 20 kilometers, and the upper - from 4-6 to 15 kilometers. “Pantsir-M” is multi-channel: the combat module can simultaneously fire at up to four targets with four missiles aimed at them (the “Dagger” modules could fire only one missile at one target).

The air defense system is planned to be installed on new ships of the Navy, where such weapons are provided (for example, on the Project 22800 Karakurt MRK), and on modernized ones (instead of the “Daggers” installed there).

Class drift

In the realities of domestic shipbuilding, a new subclass of ships began to emerge. The Northern PKB (design and construction bureau) began developing a “heavy” (displacing more than 2000 tons, how much more is not specified) corvette of Project 23800. Interest in the design and construction of large corvettes in this size (up to 4000 tons) was reported in a conversation with a correspondent and representatives of the Zelenodolsk shipyard.

There has already been a “heavy corvette” in our recent history of shipbuilding - “Novik”, a multi-purpose patrol ship of Project 12441 “Grom”, laid down in 1997 with great fanfare. The construction was not completed due to financial reasons (the lead ship at 2001 prices cost 8 billion rubles), as well as due to the unavailability of the weapon systems. Some of the design solutions (in particular, the propulsion system and the Redut multi-channel air defense system, which existed only on paper) were dragged onto the new frigate of Project 22350, which was being conceived just then.

Technically, this makes sense. The classes of corvette and frigate, established by the fleet almost 20 years ago, have noticeably swollen, and they are becoming a bit crowded. The frigate of the modernized Project 22350M (in the jargon - “Supergorshkov”), as they wrote six months ago, will become heavier by at least a thousand tons. At the current salon, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Navy for Armaments, Vice Admiral Viktor Bursuk, said that the increase in displacement will be even more significant - up to 8,000 tons. The corvette “Daring”, laid down in St. Petersburg under project 20386, has a displacement of 3400 tons versus 2200 for the basic project 20380.

It is unclear whether the fleet still needs something in the range of 1500-2000 tons - between the “heavy corvette” and small missile ships. Let us recall that it was from this size class that, from the late 1990s, a multi-purpose ship of the near sea zone grew, which later became the corvette of the long-suffering Project 20380. Initially, they were going to replace the Soviet specialized “babies”, including small missile ships of Project 1234 and small anti-submarine ships of Project 1124. But the time of design and redesign passed, the total displacement exceeded 2200 tons, and the expensive (and still unfinished) Redoubt was dragged on board.

At the moment, it is quite possible to repeat the ship according to the initial design data: “Urans” as strike weapons, “Pantsir-M” in the air defense circuit and “Packet” as an anti-submarine weapon (or a new guided missile used from Uran launchers, according to analogies with the American container versions of the previous generation, where the ASROC and Harpoon launchers were unified). The only question is whether the fleet needs such a ship.

And the models are...

The Krylov Center believes that everything is still required. The press was presented with a new corvette "Breeze" with a normal displacement of 1980 tons. True, going back to one of the four very old variants of the so-called “Corvette XXI” - this is a big greeting from the early 2000s, when the design of the ship was being worked on for the future project 20380.

The corvette must give 30 knots and at the same time carry a monstrous composition of on-board weapons: 24 UKSK launchers for “Onyx” and “Caliber” and 16 launchers for a certain “long-range air defense system”. The latter seems to indicate “Redut”, but the fact is that in the original project “XXI-2” (elements of which are completely repeated by “Breeze”) it was the S-300FM “Fort-M” air defense system with the 48N6 family of missiles. With the declared capabilities for missile defense of the formations (and, probably, the composition of electronic weapons required for such a case).

We will leave the question of how all this can be placed in 1980 tons to shipbuilding professionals, and the question of the cost of the finished product - .

However, the military had previously been quite skeptical about “ship modeling”, which was demonstrated with enviable consistency within the walls of the St. Petersburg salon. “Models are models,” Vice Admiral Viktor Bursuk, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, politely responded to the question of whether the Navy will build the notorious universal landing ship “Priboy”, and this time presented at the stand.

After which he noted that the fleet would order two ships of this class (without specifying the project), with the goal of receiving them by 2025. From the report for 2015 (later ones are not available) it is known that from the type of landing ships two years ago they settled on two options. This is a landing helicopter dock ship with a displacement of 15 thousand tons and a universal landing ship with a displacement of 35 thousand tons. None of these projects, as far as one can judge, has yet leaked to the public.

Consolidation behind the scenes

Meanwhile, in the industry, which has already gorged itself on a lot of money, has considered the limits of this fountain of abundance in the form of the completion of the “State Armament Program - 2020” and has realized its organizational and technological limits, hidden processes of consolidation are growing.

For at least two years now, a plot has been developing around the attempts of the Ak-Bars holding, which controls the Zelenodolsk shipbuilding plant, to acquire the Zelenodolsk Design Bureau of the same name, which is organizationally part of the state.

Moreover, the plans in Zelenodolsk are big: in a conversation with Lenta.ru, the general director of the plant, Renat Mistakhov, noted that in the future, we should be talking, in fact, about the creation of a wide-profile machine-building holding, combining a number of competencies and production facilities that are in demand in shipbuilding. In particular, we are talking about the production of shafts, steering gears, gearboxes and propulsion systems, as well as control systems. If a classic shipyard, Mistakhov emphasized, concentrates the production of 10-15 percent of the cost of the finished ship (and the rest goes to completers), then after consolidation they plan to produce up to 40 percent of the cost of the final product.

USC itself is strongly against this project, but this is understandable: the appearance of a competitor in the industry is unlikely to be welcomed by anyone except the customer. However, government officials clearly favor the project. The Deputy Prime Minister stated that, in his opinion, the Zelenodolsk Bureau “should work in Tatarstan.”

The issue has already twice reached the level of a draft presidential order, but both times it was stopped for revision. The last time this happened was in May of this year after a potential deal involved the transfer of part of the shares to the government of Tatarstan.

The processes of intra-industry consolidation outside state monopolies in the context of an inevitable fall in state defense orders are absolutely natural: there is a fight over costs and a shrinking food supply. It would be interesting to see what Ak-Bars will end up with and how competition will affect the growth of domestic shipbuilding capabilities. The cost of the full-scale implementation of the project is still very high: according to Renat Mistakhov, the required investments amount to at least 10-15 billion rubles.

At the International Maritime Defense Show (IMMS-2017), which opens today in St. Petersburg, the latest models of warships of the future are presented.

They were developed by specialists from the Krylov Scientific Center. The corvette whose project is called “Breeze” stands out. Previously, there were no corvettes in our fleet at all. Ships similar to Western ones in displacement and armament were called patrol ships of the near sea zone. They were supposed to protect waters and coastal areas within state maritime borders.

However, the development of naval technologies made it possible to build ships of small displacement, which began to have excellent seaworthiness, have a long cruising range and very powerful weapons. The saying is quite applicable to them: the spool is small, but expensive. At the same time, the main value of corvettes is not in their cost - they are relatively cheap, but in their combat effectiveness.

When developing the concept of the corvette of the future, St. Petersburg shipbuilders focused on optimizing its seaworthiness. Fortunately, the unique experimental base of the Krylov Scientific Center allows us to select the most successful contours and the entire architecture of the ship using models.

The result was a completely new form of the underwater part. This, in turn, gave the corvette increased stability during sea motion, significantly reduced water resistance and made it easier to control the movement. The new hull shape, which was confirmed by experiments in special pools, reduces wave resistance by half, and the overall resistance by a quarter at full speed. The shape of the corvette's bow bulb is interesting. It contains additional anti-roller wings.

When developing the concept of the corvette of the future, St. Petersburg shipbuilders focused on optimizing its seaworthiness

With the same engine power as on similar ships of this rank, a significant increase in speed could be achieved. But the designers proposed a different option. The speed remained the same, but the power plant itself became less powerful, more compact and economical.

Thanks to this approach, significant volumes were released inside the case. And this made it possible to saturate the corvette with a large number and a wide variety of different weapons. His firepower has increased significantly.

The number of cells of universal vertical launchers for guided missile weapons has increased to 24 units while maintaining the size and displacement of the ship. Typically, the number of such launchers on ships with a displacement of about 2000 tons does not exceed twelve. The main missile armament is anti-ship or universal, that is, missiles can also strike ground targets.

The air defense of a Breeze-class corvette is quite powerful. These are 16 long-range anti-aircraft guided missiles and 32 short-range guided missiles. Anti-aircraft missile defense is complemented by a universal 100 mm automatic artillery mount and two rapid-fire 30 mm machine guns. In this case, the machines can be six-barrel or, in the “Duet” version, twelve-barrel.

To combat submarines and for anti-torpedo protection, two four-tube “Packet” torpedo tubes of 324 mm caliber are provided on the left and right sides.

The normal displacement of the Breeze corvette is 1980 tons, the full speed is 30 knots, the cruising range is 3500-4000 miles. Autonomy is 15 days, which allows you to make raids far from your native shores. Other new products of the Krylov Center are the universal landing ship Priboi, the destroyer Leader and the aircraft carrier Shtorm. The designs of these ships have been worked out in detail. They can be built in the interests of the Russian Navy or for export.

As independent experts note, the destroyer “Leader” is not inferior to modern and promising foreign analogues in its range of characteristics. And the project of the landing ship “Priboy” is currently the best in the world in terms of its overall set of characteristics.

Results of IMDS-2017 - Does the Navy need better armed and more balanced “muscular ships”? July 4th, 2017

If we summarize the statements of “responsible persons” voiced in the media during the International Naval Show IMDS-2017, I personally got, I hope not false, the impression that at last domestic design bureaus (PKB) began to receive quite clear information from the Navy tactical and technical requirements and, in turn, offer the Navy fairly balanced designs for surface combat ships.

Moving from small to large and from simple to complex, the first thing that is probably worth mentioning is the class of small missile ships (SMRs).

Small rocket ships

General Director of the Zelenodolsk plant named after Gorky Renat Mistakhov said that the plant will improve the design of small missile ships (MRVs) of the Buyan-M type, making them more seaworthy. The updated version of the MRK will have a new hull shape, and its capabilities will be closer to corvettes.

Information that a very strange conversion into an RTO of a flat-bottomed small artillery ship (MAK) “river-sea” of the “Buyan” type, at one time designed for the surface forces of the Caspian Flotilla, is being redesigned into a ship with seaworthiness acceptable for the conditions of the same Mediterranean Sea, and I hope, reinforced weapons can only please.

If the armament of the improved MRK of the Zelenodolsk plant does not differ significantly in its capabilities from the armament of the 800-ton MRK of Project 22800 (“Karakurt”) already under construction, then this attempt by the Zelenodolsk plant should still be considered counterproductive. If it is successful and the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation purchases a new project for small missiles in the Navy, the number of different types of warships that differ little from each other in their combat capabilities will only increase.

Kovety

However, who can be surprised by the simultaneous construction of two different small-ship missiles for the Navy, if domestic shipbuilders are simultaneously building corvettes of three different projects for our Navy: 20380, 20385 and 20386?

It all started at one time with the cancellation of the already begun construction of the Project 12441 Novik type TFR, which, with its total displacement of 2900 tons, the 18th Onyx anti-ship missile and gas turbine power plant, was recognized as “too large and expensive for a coastal corvette.”

Project 20380 corvettes of the “Steregushchy” type with a design total displacement of 2100 tons, the 8th Uran anti-ship missile system and a diesel power plant were considered to be more consistent with the Navy’s requirements for ships of this type. However, the strike weapons and air defense capabilities of Project 20380 ships were later considered insufficient.

The Kortik-M air defense system installed on the lead corvette “Steregushchy” was replaced on the first production corvette with the “Redut” air defense system with a 12-cell UVP, and at the beginning of 2012 the first corvette of project 20385 was laid down, which is an improved corvette of project 20380 with a slightly increased displacement. The reason for this was the strengthening of the corvette’s armament due to the replacement of the Uran anti-ship missile system with the 8-cell Kalibr-NK anti-ship missile system, and an increase in the number of Redut air defense missile systems from 12 to 16.

However, already in 2013, Project 20385 corvettes were considered too expensive:

“The main thing that does not suit us is the too high price and excessive weapons - Caliber cruise missiles that attack sea and ground targets. Project 20385 does not meet the requirements of the fleet"

As a result, in 2016, the first corvette of the “modular” project 20386 was laid down... with a displacement of 3400 tons and an expensive gas turbine power plant.

They decided not to install “excessive armament” on this ship, which almost caught up with the TFR project 11356 in terms of displacement (except perhaps adding it in the form of modules). The diagrams show two four-container Uran anti-ship missile launchers.

However, this is far from the end of the story. As Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin noted the other day:

“Of course, the main emphasis that we place today in the Navy is “muscular” ships with the ability to carry a huge number of weapons. That is, our conventional corvette of smaller displacement should be equal in power to the conventional cruiser, which is in service with the Western Navy.”

Apparently in connection with the mentioned emphasis, the Krylov State Scientific Center presented at IMDS-2017 a model of the “Breeze” corvette with a normal displacement of 1980 tons, a diesel-gas turbine power plant, a UVP for 24 “Caliber-NK” missiles, 24 cells of the “Redut” air defense system... and it seems no helicopter hangar.

It also became known that the Northern Design Bureau is developing a “heavy” corvette of Project 23800, which “will become an intermediate link between a corvette and a frigate,” apparently acting as an alternative to the project of the Krylov State Research Center.

Promising frigate

In contrast to the intriguing constant change in conceptual views on domestic ships of the near sea zone such as corvettes, the concept of a promising domestic frigate has undergone less dramatic changes over time.

The lead promising frigate of Project 22350 “Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Gorshkov” has not yet entered into service and its shortcomings are already known - the relatively small capacity of the air defense system for missiles (32 cells) and strike weapons - 16 missiles of the "Caliber-NK" complex (let me remind you that Krylovsky specialists The state center plans to arm its promising corvette “Breeze” with 24 missiles of the “Caliber-NK” complex), the economic speed is insufficient - 14 knots.

Therefore, it has been stated that the number of missile launchers and the displacement of the promising Project 22350M frigate will increase. The only thing that is not clear is whether the displacement will increase by about a thousand tons, or will grow to 8 thousand tons, as the media have been writing lately. In the second case, the ship can no longer be considered a modification of the Project 22350 frigate. It will be a completely new project, albeit one that has inherited a number of architectural features and internal equipment from the Project 22350 frigate. With an increase in total displacement to 8 thousand tons, one can expect an approximately doubling of the number of missile launchers compared to the Gorshkov and the appearance of a hangar for a second helicopter. Even if such a ship is classified as a frigate in the domestic Navy, abroad it will most likely be classified as a destroyer.

"Leader"

During the IMDS-2017, it was announced that the preliminary design of the new generation destroyer “Leader” had been approved by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. It was once again clarified that the ship will receive a nuclear power plant and it was noted that the timing of the start of construction of the series will be determined at the technical design stage. I think that we will not receive new additional information about the project in the near future.

Promising landing ships

During the IMDS-2017, it was announced that the Russian Navy plans to receive two promising landing ships by 2025 as part of the new state weapons program. It is not yet clear whether these will be DVKDs designed by the Nevsky PKB with a displacement of about 15,000 tons with a flight deck for helicopters in the stern, or whether they will be UDCs of aircraft carrier architecture with a solid flight deck. In the second case, we can talk about two competing projects. The model of the UDC “Avalanche” with a displacement of about 23 thousand tons was once again presented by the Krylov State Scientific Center at IMDS-2017. It is also known that the Nevskoye Design Bureau is designing a UDC with a displacement of about 30 thousand tons.

I’m already talking about the project of the Krylov State Scientific Center. . I won't repeat myself.

Nothing is known about the UDC project from the Nevsky Design Bureau except the displacement. At the same time, it is not even clear whether this displacement is normal or full. Considering the extensive experience of the Nevsky Design Bureau team, gained during the redesign of the project 1143.4 aircraft carrier “Admiral Goshkov” into the light aircraft carrier “Vikramaditya”, as well as during participation in the development of the project of the Indian light aircraft carrier “Vikrant”, I personally am very interested whether the developers of Nevsky will try PKB should offer our Navy basing on the projected 30 thousand-ton UDC MiG-29K, or not. If not, then the domestic promising UDC of the Nevsky Design Bureau will become the largest ship of this class, on which only helicopters will be based.

Aircraft carriers

As Vice Admiral Viktor Bursuk, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy for Armaments, said a few days ago, the design of a promising Russian multi-purpose aircraft carrier is included in the state armament program until 2025. “Yes, of course, the Navy will build an aircraft carrier”, - TASS quotes him as saying - “Various bureaus are studying to determine the appearance of this ship.”.

Based on the words of Vice Admiral Bursuk, we can conclude that the Navy has not yet decided what the “technical face” of the promising multi-purpose aircraft carrier will look like, and I think it is unlikely to finally decide until 2025. Unless we can assume with great confidence that the ship will be equipped with a nuclear power plant.

It is worth noting that the Krylov State Research Center, which previously proposed to the Navy and foreign customers a conceptual design for the multi-purpose aircraft carrier “Storm” with a displacement of 95-100 thousand tons, also began proactive development of the technical appearance of a simpler light aircraft carrier.” the combat capabilities of which are not much inferior to the aircraft carrier "Storm".

Well, competition in the field of designing domestic aircraft carriers between two organizations, the Krylov State Scientific Center and the Nevsky Design Bureau, is certainly better than one monopolist designer.

Thank you for your attention!

Project 20385 was also announced for laying in February 2012. This event means the development of a ship with the sonorous name “Thundering” and its modifications. The event took place at the shipyard in St. Petersburg. This action can be called unique due to the simultaneous laying of two surface combat vessels.

general information

The ceremony was attended by high-ranking officials of the country and generals of the Armed Forces. Project 20385 itself is focused on the construction of frigates and ship-borne corvettes equipped with modern weapons and adequate protection.

This development is not just an improved variation of Project 20380, but also the introduction of completely new solutions. It is worth noting that the St. Petersburg company has contracts for the supply of four ships of the previous format, two of which have already been built. A similar ship of this series is being completed at the Amur Shipbuilding Plant. The updated project is predicted to become stronger in terms of attack, including air defense systems.

Purpose

Project 20385 ships are multi-purpose corvettes designed to detect and destroy enemy underwater and surface vessels. In addition, they are capable of solving various combat missions in the coastal zone, and also serve for landing troops. On board there are artillery, missile, anti-submarine weapons and advanced radar stations. The installation of hydroacoustic systems is provided.

An innovative solution was the possibility of placing a special hangar on a small ship, which could accommodate a Ka-27 helicopter. This further increases the likelihood of detecting enemy submarines and expands the ship's combat capabilities. The peculiarity of the Russian corvette project 20385 is that they are built using the latest technologies that reduce their radar detection.

Additional strength and protection is provided by the use of composite materials, which were developed by the world leader in this field - the St. Petersburg Federal State Unitary Enterprise Prometheus. The components proved their practicality and reliability during the construction of Project 20380.

Features of development and construction

The ships in question were developed by the Almaz design bureau. Once completed, they will presumably be sent to the Northern Fleet. According to experts, project 20385 is a more serious unit than its predecessors. First of all, this concerns the improvement of tactical and technical characteristics, weapons, combat capabilities, a modernized power unit and navigation systems.

It is expected that St. Petersburg manufacturers will build ten corvettes for the Russian Navy under this project. Fleet representatives say that the need for such ships is at least twenty units. They will strengthen the army and solve the problem of protecting the near sea zone. The Severnaya Verf plant entered into an agreement with Sredne-Nevsky Shipyard OJSC for the production of parts from polymer composite materials. The contract amount was over four hundred million rubles.

Technical plan parameters

Project 20385, the photo of which is presented above, has the following tactical and technical characteristics

• The corvette is 104 meters long and 13 meters wide.
• The displacement indicator is 2200 tons.
• The maximum speed is twenty-seven knots.
• The maximum cruising distance is 5600 kilometers.
• The ship's autonomy is at least fifteen days.
• The crew consists of 99 people.
• The power system is a pair of diesel units of type 1DDA-12000.

Project 20385 corvettes with enhanced weapons are equipped with the Kalibr universal missile system, the Redut anti-aircraft missile system, and radar and acoustic stations. The ship's artillery weapons include a 100-millimeter A-190-01 mount and a pair of AK-630-M anti-aircraft machine guns (30 mm caliber). Anti-submarine weapons of the "Package" type are provided, as well as a Ka-27 helicopter.

Superstructure

The warship in question has a superstructure made of non-flammable composite materials, including multilayer fiberglass and carbon fiber-based components. This solution (stealth-s technology) allows for low radar detection.

At the stern there is a hangar with a special platform for the Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopter with a fuel supply of about twenty tons. Corvettes of projects 20380, 20385 differ from each other in favor of the latter. Modernization and better equipment made it possible to implement almost all aspects required by the customer, from general ship systems to weapons.

Frame

The ship's smooth-deck steel hull has a fundamentally new design. The modified contours reduce water resistance by a quarter when the corvette is moving at top speed. In addition, such a solution allows reducing the load on the main power plant.

An updated version of the underwater part of the vessel's hull makes it possible to use a power unit with less weight, which frees up about twenty percent of the displacement. Consequently, it is possible to further strengthen the combat equipment of the corvette. Another point in terms of the efficiency of the new hull and lighter displacement is the increase in the ship's speed by 1.5-2 knots.

Main power system

Initially, it was planned to equip the project 20385 with German MTU engines. But in connection with the import substitution program, domestic engines were developed specifically for these corvettes. The main one is a pair of DDA-12000 diesel units, developed by specialists and OA Zvezda.

Each engine consists of two 16-D49 motors and a reverse gearbox. The units are equipped with a microprocessor control and monitoring unit. Main parameters:

• The service life is up to fifty thousand hours.
• The estimated cruising range at an average speed of 14 knots is four thousand miles.
• The piston head is made of heat-resistant steel EI-415.
• The engine base is AK-6 aluminum alloy.
• The power of each diesel generator is 630 kilowatts.
• Current consumption - 380 V (50 Hz).

DDA installations provide a high percentage of power in reverse modes with minimal fuel consumption, and reducing the noise of the power plant makes it possible to reduce the hydroacoustic signature of the vessel.

Main ammunition

Project 20385 corvettes “Gremyashchiy” and “Provorny” are equipped with the following weapons:

1. Anti-ship installation. It consists of two combat systems with four containers and eight anti-ship missiles with a range of up to 260 kilometers. The launch containers are located in the middle part of the body along the diametrical area.
2. the weapon includes the Redut complex with three modules of four cells each, portable Igla air defense systems, and a pair of six-barreled anti-aircraft guns (30 mm caliber) at the stern.
3. Anti-torpedo protection "Package-N". This includes two 330 mm devices located in the lapports of each side, the Rubezh system.
4. Anti-submarine helicopter Ka-27.
5. Melee weapons - two grenade launchers and a pair of machine gun mounts.
6. Artillery - 100 mm A-190 artillery mount, which has a maximum rate of fire of up to eighty salvoes per minute. The complex is controlled using the Puma system.

Torpedoes launched from a ship can hit both oncoming enemy underwater missiles and submarines.

Radio equipment

In this regard, corvettes are equipped with a number of systems, namely:

1. BIUS "Sigma".
2. General detection station "Furke-2".
3. Guiding complex "Monument A".
4. Hydroacoustic equipment such as “Zarya” and “Minotaur”.
5. Automated communication center "Ruberoid".
6. OGAS "Anapa-M".

All these systems reduce the probability of hitting a ship by three times, operate in the range from 64 to 2000 MHz, and can simultaneously detect more than two hundred and fifty targets. Four launchers fired by the Brave jammer kit allow you to counter enemy systems. Helicopter navigation is carried out through antenna posts on the roof of the hangar (OSP-20380).

Seaworthiness and survivability

The Project 20385 corvette "Gremyashchiy" has improved seaworthiness compared to similar vessels, with the same restrictions in case of lateral motion. This allows you to use the weapon in a storm of up to force five.

When designing the ship, special emphasis was placed on the vehicle's combat survivability. The designers have introduced the latest developments in terms of protection from radar signature. For this purpose, innovative architectural solutions and special materials with high radio-absorbing qualities were used.

The average circular efficiency of the dispersion area decreased by almost three times compared to analogues. On some models of this series, operational survivability is ensured by introducing a set of measures for constructive protection against enemy weapons.

Modifications

1. Border patrol ship project - 20380P.
2. Export version 20382. The main difference between this model and the base ship is that it is equipped with simplified weapons and the ability to change ammunition to foreign analogues.
3. Project 20385 - corvette “Provorny” for the Black Sea. Has improved weapons and improved protection.
4. 20386 - a modernized version of the previous project with the ability to install "Horizon" type combat systems.

Finally

It is worth noting that of all the developments of Project 20385, only the Gremyashchiy corvette continues to be built according to the planned plan. The remaining ships (“Provorny”, “Sposobny”, “Retivy”, “Strict”) will be built according to an improved regulatory document under the index 20380. This is due to the high cost of the ships, largely due to the presence of not always technically sound weapons on them. According to the designers, changes in planning the installation of German power plants on domestic analogues did not affect the work schedule. All corvettes are expected to be launched on schedule.

The laying of a new ship is always a holiday, both for shipbuilders and sailors. It seems like there are no tangible steel sides or superstructures yet, no 3,400 tons of displacement, no formidable “Calibers”, “Redoubts”, “Packages”, even the crew has not yet been assembled, but the ship already exists. The newest corvette of Project 20386 received the name “Daring” and managed to evoke respect among “friends” and alarming foreboding among “strangers” due to its declared potential.

Corvette “Daring” is a continuation of the line of multi-purpose surface combatants of the second rank in the near sea zone of Project 20380, the first of which were laid down in the early 2000s. Currently, the Navy has four corvettes of this class, all in the DKBF (Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet) - Steregushchiy, Soobrazitelny, Boykiy and Stoikiy. Four more are under construction at the Severnaya Verf shipyard: Zealous and Strict (modernized project 20380), as well as Gremyashchiy and Provorny (project 20385).
“Perfect” is being built at the Amur Shipyard in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. In total, within the framework of the GVP-2020 (State Armaments Program), the Russian Navy should receive 20 corvettes of this type (3-8) for each fleet.


Of the announced and most popular projects of this series of corvettes (20380 and 20385), there is also project 20382 with the code “Tiger” - an export version, characterized by simplified armament. 20383 – project of a border patrol ship. Well, Project 20386, which will be “Daring”, is the best development of this series of corvettes, which will be distinguished from its “brothers” not only by improved seaworthiness and powerful engines, but also by enhanced armament, stealth and low noise.

And if the purpose of most corvettes is to conduct combat operations against a naval enemy in the near sea zone, to protect sea communications and maritime economic activity, then the “Daring” will be capable of operating in the far sea zone. In fact, in terms of its propulsion and combat capabilities, this corvette is close to destroyers.


The Project 20386 ship must hit surface combat ships and vessels with cruise missiles of the ship's missile system, search for and destroy enemy submarines with torpedoes of a small-sized anti-submarine system, ensure the combat stability of ships and vessels from enemy air attack weapons with an anti-aircraft missile system, provide artillery support for landings and naval operations landings with an artillery installation. A sort of small (in size) monster, capable of performing a wide range of combat missions even far from its native shores - autonomy for 30 days and the ability to travel almost 5,000 nautical miles without refueling allow this. Speed ​​matters too - 32 mph versus 27 for its predecessors.


“Daring” is equipped with a combined gas turbine installation with partial electric propulsion. The installation includes two domestic gas turbine engines with a capacity of 27,500 horsepower and two main electric motors with a capacity of 2,200 horsepower. Thanks to innovative technologies, this corvette will become a fundamentally new ship for the Russian fleet. The superstructure will be made of lightweight and durable composite materials.

The use of large-size closing lapports (cargo hatches) on the surface of the side will also be new, allowing for a more complete implementation of Stealth technology. It is no coincidence that the ship has already been nicknamed the “invisible corvette.”

To accommodate a large complex of transportation vehicles and ship devices on the ship, compact and powerful drives, hydraulic systems, new materials and control systems were used. Innovative solutions are also used in the electrical power system, life support system, environmental protection and many others.


Another of the “daring” features is improved seaworthiness due to new hull lines. A ship with a displacement of almost three and a half thousand tons does not “climb” the wave, but cuts through it. Such stability will allow the ship’s weapons to be used in sea conditions of up to force five.

The Project 20386 corvette has a powerful arsenal, significantly exceeding the “caliber” of ships of the same class US NAVY (for example, the newest USS Montgomery, which crashed into the Panama Canal lock on October 29 of this year and has already received the nickname a leaky trough). “Daring” will be equipped with a universal automatic 100-mm artillery mount A190 in a new “stealth” turret “flattened” from the sides. On board there will be two quadruple installations of the Uran or Uran-U ship-based missile system for attacks on surface enemies at a range of 130 to 260 kilometers (or, most likely, with Kalibr anti-ship missiles with a greater range of hitting targets). For zero visibility in the stowed position, these complexes will be hidden behind shields in the central part of the superstructure. In the bow of the ship there is a block of vertical launchers of the Redut air defense system with anti-aircraft guided missiles for hitting air targets at short and medium ranges. Launchers of the Paket-NK anti-submarine (anti-torpedo) complex will be installed on the side in the middle part of the corvette’s hull behind the lapports. In the aft part of the superstructure - also on the side - there will be two 30-mm six-barreled AK-306 assault rifles, designed to repel attacks by saboteurs and pirates, as well as to shoot floating mines.

The exact composition of the weapons of Project 20386 is unknown, however, it was announced that the planned implementation of the modular principle of acquisition (in the aft part of the ship there is a compartment that can be used to accommodate interchangeable containers equipped with various equipment, headquarters equipment, missile launchers, etc.) and capabilities basing on board, in addition to the ship's Ka-27 (Ka-31) helicopter, drones, probably the Horizon.

It is possible that the radio-technical armament of the new ship will be identical to that located on the Project 20385 corvettes. And it, in addition to the Sigma combat information control system (combat information and control system), also includes the Furke-2 general detection radar (radar), Target designation radar for guided missiles "Monument-A" in a radio-transparent radome combined with the foremast structure, two navigation radars, hydroacoustic complex "Zarya-2" with an antenna in the bow bulb, hydroacoustic station "Minotaur-M" with an extended towed antenna, OGAS “Anapa-M”, automated communications complex “Ruberoid”, electronic warfare and navigation equipment. For self-defense against enemy detection equipment and its anti-ship missiles, the ship is equipped with four ten-barreled PK-10 launchers (the “Bold” jammer complex). This entire complex of radio-technical weapons reduces the probability of hitting a ship by almost three times.