Test on occupational safety issues. Labor protection instructions: basic requirements Where are current labor protection instructions stored?

Instructions for labor protection and safe performance of work are the most important local regulations of the employer containing labor protection requirements. The procedure for developing labor protection instructions for workers is determined by Section V of the Methodological Recommendations for the development of state regulatory requirements for labor protection, approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated December 17, 2002 No. 80.

Labor protection instructions for an employee are developed based on his position, profession or type of work performed on the basis of inter-industry or industry standard instructions for labor protection (and in the absence of inter-industry or industry-specific labor protection rules), safety requirements set out in the operational and repair documentation of equipment manufacturing organizations, as well as in the technological documentation of the organization, taking into account specific production conditions. These requirements are set out in relation to the employee's position or in view of the work performed.

An approximate type of title page of labor safety instructions for workers when publishing them is recommended to be drawn up in accordance with Appendix No. 8 to the above-mentioned Methodological Recommendations.

The employer ensures the development and approval of labor safety instructions for employees, taking into account the written opinion of an elected trade union or other body authorized by employees. A collective agreement or agreement may provide for the adoption of instructions on labor protection in agreement with the representative body of workers.

Temporary instructions on labor protection for workers

For newly commissioned and reconstructed production facilities, it is allowed to develop temporary instructions on labor protection for workers.

Temporary labor protection instructions for workers ensure the safe conduct of technological processes (work) and the safe operation of equipment. They are developed for the period until the specified production facilities are accepted into operation.

The procedure for revising labor safety instructions for workers

The employer organizes the verification and revision of labor safety instructions for employees. The instructions must be reviewed at least once every 5 (five) years .

Labor safety instructions for workers may be revised ahead of schedule:

when revising cross-industry and sectoral rules and standard
labor protection instructions;
changing working conditions of employees;
introduction of new equipment and technology;
based on the results of the analysis of materials from the investigation of accidents, industrial accidents and occupational diseases;
at the request of representatives of labor authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation or federal labor inspection authorities.

If during the period of validity of the labor protection instructions for the employee, his working conditions have not changed, then its validity is extended for the next period.

The procedure for storing, recording and issuing labor protection instructions

Labor safety instructions in force in the department for employees of a structural unit of the organization, as well as a list of these instructions are kept by the head of this half-unit.

Location of labor safety instructions for workers It is recommended that they be determined by the head of a structural unit of the organization, taking into account accessibility and ease of familiarization with them.

Labor protection instructions for workers:

can be handed over to them for study during the initial briefing;
can be posted at workplaces or areas;
stored in another place accessible to employees.

Featured forms of logbooks for labor protection instructions for employees and accounting for the issuance of labor protection instructions for employees of the organization's divisions are given in Appendices No. 9 and 10 to the named Methodological Recommendations.

Structure and content of labor protection instructions

Sections of labor protection instructions

It is recommended that the labor safety instructions for workers include the following sections:

“General labor protection requirements”
“Occupational safety requirements before starting work”
“Occupational safety requirements during work”
“Occupational safety requirements in emergency situations”
“Occupational safety requirements upon completion of work”

1. In the section “General labor protection requirements” it is recommended to reflect:

conditions for allowing employees to work independently in the relevant profession or to perform the relevant type of work (age, gender, health status, training, etc.);
instructions on the need to comply with internal regulations;
requirements for compliance with work and rest schedules;
list of dangerous and harmful production factors,
which may affect the employee during work;
a list of workwear, safety footwear and other personal protective equipment issued to employees in accordance with established rules and regulations;
the procedure for notifying the administration about cases of injury to an employee and malfunction of equipment, devices and tools;
rules of personal hygiene that an employee must know and observe when performing work.

2. It is recommended to include in the section “Occupational safety requirements before starting work”:

procedure for preparing the workplace, personal protective equipment;
the procedure for checking the serviceability of equipment, devices and tools, fences, alarms, blocking and other devices, protective grounding, ventilation, local lighting, etc.;
procedure for checking source materials (blanks, semi-finished products);
the procedure for receiving and handing over shifts in the case of a continuous technological process and equipment operation.

3. In the section “Occupational safety requirements during work” it is recommended to provide:

methods and techniques for the safe performance of work, use of equipment, vehicles, lifting mechanisms, devices and tools;
requirements for safe handling of starting materials (raw materials, blanks, semi-finished products);
instructions for maintaining a safe workplace;
actions aimed at preventing emergency situations;
requirements for the use of personal protective equipment for workers.

4. In the section “Occupational Safety Requirements in Emergency Situations” it is recommended to set out:

a list of the main possible emergency situations and the reasons that cause them;
actions of workers in the event of accidents and emergencies;
actions to provide first aid to victims of injury, poisoning and other health damage.

5. In the section “Labor safety requirements upon completion of work” it is recommended to reflect:

the procedure for disconnecting, stopping, disassembling, cleaning and lubricating equipment, devices, machines, mechanisms and equipment;
the procedure for cleaning waste received and during production activities;
personal hygiene requirements;
the procedure for notifying the work manager about deficiencies affecting labor safety discovered during work.

In labor safety instructions for workers, words should not be used that emphasize the special meaning of individual requirements (for example, “categorically”, “especially”, “mandatory”, “strictly”, “unconditionally”, etc.), since all requirements instructions are followed by workers equally.

Replacing words in the text of an instruction with a letter abbreviation (abbreviation) may be permitted provided that it has been fully deciphered beforehand.

17.06.2016 12:50:00

There are quite a few professions and jobs in which certain safety measures must be observed. And the employer must teach such measures to employees. And for this it is necessary to develop a lot of instructions, which is one of the responsibilities of employers established by the Labor Code. However, not all organizations have such instructions, and sometimes they exist, but were adopted, as they say, under Tsar Pea. In the article we will tell you how and by whom labor safety instructions are developed, how they are approved, what they should include and where they should be stored.

By virtue of Art. Art. 212 and 225 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the responsibility to ensure safe conditions and labor protection lies with the employer. To this end, he must first of all provide workers with instructions on labor protection, organize training in safe methods and techniques for performing work, provide workers with protective equipment, special clothing, etc.

And of course, like any other standards, all safety and labor protection rules in a single organization must be enshrined in local regulations. The obligation to develop and approve rules and instructions on labor protection for employees, along with other responsibilities of the employer, is directly enshrined in Art. 212 Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Now let's figure it out. But first, we note that the Ministry of Labor approved the Methodological Recommendations for the development of instructions on labor protection on May 13, 2004 (hereinafter referred to as the Recommendations), to which we will refer further.

QUESTION:

What labor safety instructions should an organization have and are they needed for every employee?

Labor protection instructions are drawn up for each position, profession or type of work performed. For example, by position (profession) it could be “Occupational safety instructions for a forklift driver”, “Occupational safety instructions for a welder”; by type of work performed - “Instructions on labor protection when performing loading and unloading operations”, “Instructions on labor protection during sporting events”, “Instructions on working with a computer”. These may not be instructions, but rules, for example, “Rules for working with copying equipment.” Such acts apply to a group of employees engaged in the same type of work.

In addition to instructions for positions (professions) and types of work, there may be instructions that apply to all employees of the organization, for example, “Fire Safety Instructions.”

The law does not require that instructions be developed for each employee. This document should be developed for each position (profession), and then it will apply to all employees holding such positions.

QUESTION:

What can be used as a basis when developing occupational safety instructions?

Labor protection instructions for employees are developed on the basis of inter-industry or industry standard instructions or labor protection rules. For example, Order No. 213 of Rosleskhoz dated December 23, 1998 approved Standard Instructions on Labor Safety for the main professions and types of work in forestry. For some industries, the Ministry of Labor has developed separate Methodological Recommendations, for example, on the development of instructions on labor protection for the main professions and types of work in furniture production (dated 05/11/2004), for workers engaged in consumer services (dated 05/18/2004).

If standard instructions are not available, the employer develops them independently, guided by the safety requirements set out in the operational and repair documentation of equipment manufacturers, technological documentation of the organization, sanitary and hygienic rules. The working conditions characteristic of the relevant position or work are also taken into account.

QUESTION:

Which employee of the organization can the employer entrust with developing instructions? Should an occupational safety specialist do this?

According to Part 2 of Art. 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer must ensure the development and approval of labor protection instructions. But no recommendations are given regarding who exactly the employer should assign this job function to. Many people believe that this should be the responsibility of an occupational safety specialist.

However, in accordance with the Professional Standard “Specialist in the field of labor protection”, approved by Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated 08/04/2014 No. 524n, the labor function of such a specialist, in particular, includes:

interaction with representative bodies of workers on issues of labor conditions and safety and coordination of local documentation on labor safety issues;
revision of local regulations on labor protection issues in the event of new ones entering into force or amendments to existing acts containing labor law standards;
providing methodological assistance to heads of structural divisions in the development of training programs for workers in safe labor methods and techniques, and instructions on labor protection.

If we are guided by this Professional Standard, the development of labor protection instructions for positions and types of work should be entrusted to the heads of departments (divisions), since they are the ones who have complete information about the labor functions of their subordinates, and the labor protection inspector provides assistance in such development. You can also connect the legal department and human resources department to it. In addition, as a rule, official approval of the already developed draft instructions is carried out with the labor safety inspector.

Note! Whichever employee develops instructions, this task should be included in his job responsibilities (in the employment contract, job description).

QUESTION:

What to pay attention to when developing instructions?

When drawing up labor safety instructions, it is recommended to adhere to the structure established by the Recommendations, in particular to include the following sections and paragraphs.

1. “General labor protection requirements.” In this section it is recommended to reflect:

instructions on the need to comply with internal regulations;
requirements for compliance with work and rest schedules;
a list of dangerous and harmful production factors that can affect an employee during work;
a list of workwear, safety footwear and other personal protective equipment issued to employees in accordance with established rules and regulations;
the procedure for notifying the administration about cases of injury to an employee and malfunction of equipment, devices and tools;
rules of personal hygiene that an employee must know and observe when performing work.

2. “Occupational safety requirements before starting work.” In this section you can set out the order:

preparation of the workplace, personal protective equipment;
checking the serviceability of equipment, devices and tools, fences, alarms, blocking and other devices, protective grounding, ventilation, local lighting, etc.;
checking source materials (blanks, semi-finished products);
reception and transfer of shifts in the case of a continuous technological process and equipment operation.

methods and techniques for the safe performance of work, use of equipment, vehicles, lifting mechanisms, devices and tools;
requirements for safe handling of starting materials (raw materials, blanks, semi-finished products);
instructions for maintaining a safe workplace;
actions aimed at preventing emergency situations;
requirements for the use of personal protective equipment for workers.

4. “Occupational safety requirements in emergency situations.” Need to reflect:

a list of the main possible emergency situations and the reasons that cause them;
actions of workers in the event of accidents and emergencies;
actions to provide first aid to victims of injury, poisoning and other health damage.

5. “Occupational safety requirements upon completion of work.” This section specifies:

the procedure for disconnecting, stopping, disassembling, cleaning and lubricating equipment, devices, machines, mechanisms and equipment;
procedure for cleaning waste generated during production activities;
personal hygiene requirements;
the procedure for notifying the work manager about deficiencies affecting labor safety discovered during work.

QUESTION:

What is the procedure for developing and approving labor safety instructions?

The procedure for developing and approving instructions begins with the issuance by the head of the organization of an order, which determines the list of instructions, the employees responsible for the development and the deadlines for execution. Here is a sample of such an order.

(Visma LLC)

ORDER

30.12.2015 № 125

Moscow

“On the development of labor protection instructions”

Based on Art. 212 Labor Code of the Russian Federation

I ORDER:

1. Head of the sales department V.M. Galkin, head of the purchasing department M.V. Sorokin, P.T. Voronin, head of the warehouse. by 02/15/2016, develop draft instructions on labor protection for workers of all positions, professions and specialties in accordance with the staffing table in the relevant structural unit and the list of professions and positions (Appendix No. 1).

2. Until February 28, 2016, the employees specified in clause 1 of this order must agree on draft instructions with legal adviser S.N. Vorobyova. and occupational safety specialist L.N. Petukhova

3. By March 4, 2016, to labor safety specialist L.N. Petukhova. send draft instructions to the trade union of employees of Visma LLC to obtain a reasoned opinion.

4. By March 17, 2016, to labor safety specialist L.N. Petukhova. submit instructions for approval.

5. I reserve control over the execution of the order.

The following have been familiarized with the order:

Head of Sales Department Galkin/Galkin V.M./

For your information. The procedure for developing labor safety instructions can also be established by a local act of the organization.

The instructions should be agreed upon with a labor protection specialist, and, if necessary, with other officials and departments.

Before approval of the instructions by the manager, it is necessary to carry out a procedure for taking into account the opinion of the elected body of the primary trade union organization or another body authorized by employees in the manner established by Art. 372 Labor Code of the Russian Federation. If such a body exists, the draft instructions are sent to it for approval. No later than five working days from the date of receipt of the draft, the trade union sends the employer a reasoned opinion on the draft in writing. If the trade union’s opinion does not contain agreement with the draft instruction or contains proposals for its improvement, the employer may agree or, within three days after receiving such an opinion, conduct additional consultations with the trade union in order to achieve a mutually acceptable solution. If agreement is not reached, disagreements are documented in a protocol, after which the employer has the right to accept the instructions. In turn, the trade union can appeal this act to the labor inspectorate or the court, or begin the procedure for a collective labor dispute in the manner prescribed by the Labor Code. If the union agrees, a corresponding mark is made on the title page of the instructions.

For your information. It is recommended that the title page of the labor protection instructions for workers be drawn up in accordance with Appendix 1 to the Recommendations.

The instructions should be numbered, stitched and sealed with the organization’s seal (if available). Although such a registration requirement has not been established, it is better to do this so that the regulatory authorities do not have unnecessary questions. Instructions are approved and put into effect by order of the manager; on their title page the manager puts the stamp “I approve”, date and signature. Here is a sample of such an order.

Limited Liability Company "Visma"
(Visma LLC)

ORDER

18.03.2016 № 9

Moscow

“On approval and implementation of labor protection instructions for workers”

Based on Art. 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and clause 4 of the Methodological recommendations for the development of instructions on labor protection, approved by the Ministry of Labor of Russia on May 13, 2004.

I ORDER:

1. Approve labor safety instructions for workers, taking into account the reasoned opinion of the Visma LLC trade union in accordance with the list of instructions (in duplicate).

2. Enact labor safety instructions from 03/21/2016.

3. Head of the sales department V.M. Galkin, head of the purchasing department M.V. Sorokin, P.T. Voronin, head of the warehouse. no later than two working days:

- transfer instructions for registration in the logbook of instructions to labor protection specialist L.N. Petukhova, leaving one copy for storage in the labor protection service, the second for storage in the relevant structural unit;
- familiarize employees of their departments with the instructions against signature and provide employees with copies of the instructions;
- ensure proper storage of second copies of instructions in departments.

4. Labor protection specialist L.N. Petukhova ensure proper storage of instructions in the labor protection service.

5. Entrust control over the execution of the order to labor protection specialist L.N. Petukhova.

General Director Pavlinov /V.V. Pavlinov/

The following have been familiarized with the order:

Head of Sales Department Galkin /Galkin V.M./

Head of Purchasing Department Sorokin /Sorokin M.V./

Warehouse manager Voronin /Voronin P.T./

Labor protection specialist Petukhova /Petukhova L.N./

QUESTION:

Where should instructions be kept?

As a rule, the employer approves several copies of instructions, which the labor protection service registers in a special log of labor protection instructions for employees (in the form of Appendix 2 to the Recommendations).

One copy is kept in the labor protection service, and the others are issued to the heads of structural divisions of the enterprise organization with their mandatory registration in the logbook for the issuance of labor protection instructions for workers (in the form of Appendix 3 to the Recommendations). If there is only one copy, department heads are given a copy.

Employees who are subject to the provisions of the instruction must be familiarized with it against signature. For this purpose, a familiarization sheet is drawn up or a special journal is started. In addition, copies of the instructions should be made and given to employees against signature, or placed in electronic or printed form in a place accessible for review.

Note! The employer is obliged to familiarize employees with labor safety instructions when hiring, transferring to another place of work, conducting labor safety briefings and retraining, revising or adopting new instructions.

QUESTION:

What is the validity period of labor safety instructions?

The validity period of the labor protection instructions is five years. Rather, according to the Recommendations, after five years, the instructions should be revised. Their validity period can be extended if the working conditions of workers have not changed over the past period, inter-industry and sectoral rules and standard instructions on labor protection have not been revised. The extension of the validity of the instructions is carried out by order of the employer, which is recorded on the first page of the instructions, namely the current date, the mark “Revised” and the signature of the person responsible for revising the instructions, indicating his position and a transcript of the signature. The period for which the instruction is extended is also indicated.

If, before the expiration of the five-year validity period of the labor protection instructions, the working conditions of workers have changed or inter-sectoral and sectoral rules and standard labor protection instructions have been revised, the labor protection instructions for workers must be revised by the employer ahead of schedule and, if necessary, new ones approved. It is necessary to revise the instructions ahead of schedule when introducing new equipment and technology, based on the results of an analysis of materials from the investigation of accidents, industrial accidents and occupational diseases, as well as at the request of representatives of the State Inspectorate. Speaking about the validity period of the instructions, we note that the Recommendations allow the development of temporary instructions on labor protection for employees of new and reconstructed production facilities. Temporary labor protection instructions for workers ensure the safe conduct of technological processes (work) and the safe operation of equipment. They are developed for the period until the specified production facilities are accepted into operation.

CONCLUSION

Let us briefly recall the procedure for developing and adopting labor safety instructions for workers. First of all, the employer should determine the list of positions (professions) and types of work for which there are no labor protection instructions or for which their revision is required. Then the workers responsible for the development and approval of instructions are identified. If the organization has a trade union, do not forget to take its opinion into account. The agreed project is approved and recorded in the instructions log. And the final stage is familiarization with the approved instructions of workers and ensuring their storage.

We also note that since the obligation to develop labor safety instructions for employees is provided for by labor legislation, in case of failure to comply with it, the employer may be held administratively liable. Therefore, this issue should not be neglected. Without delay, check whether you have labor protection instructions for all positions (professions) - if not, they need to be developed, and if there are, they may need to be revised.

The occupational safety system is a set of measures to ensure occupational safety, where the impact of harmful factors on the human body should be reduced as much as possible.

Relations related to labor protection are regulated by Section X “Labor Safety” of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

According to Article 209 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, labor protection is understood as a system for preserving the life and health of workers in the process of work, which includes legal, socio-economic, organizational, technical, sanitary and hygienic, treatment and prophylactic, rehabilitation and other measures.

The labor protection service is most often created as an independent structural unit and for the implementation of a very specific task - to coordinate labor protection activities in all structural divisions of the organization.

An occupational safety and health management system is a complex of interrelated and interacting elements that establish policies and goals in the field of occupational safety for a particular employer and procedures for achieving these goals. The standard regulation on the labor safety management system is approved by the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of labor, taking into account the opinion of the Russian Tripartite Commission for the Regulation of Social and Labor Relations.

The employer assigns specific responsibilities for ensuring labor safety to the heads of structural units and enshrines them in job descriptions or approves them by order of the organization, and communicates them to the relevant official against signature upon hiring (appointment to a new position).

Head of a structural unit, including:

provides:

– healthy and safe working conditions in all areas;

– performance by subordinate employees of job responsibilities regarding labor protection;

– monitoring compliance by workers with labor protection requirements;

– proper operation of ventilation and air conditioning units;

– safe storage, transportation and use of flammable, combustible, explosive, toxic and aggressive substances, cylinders with compressed and liquefied gases;

– conducting, in accordance with the established procedure, briefings on labor protection with workers;

– production areas with labor protection instructions, warning signs and the like;

– training of workers on labor protection issues;

– compiling lists of workers to undergo mandatory medical examinations;

– timely preparation of requests for personal protective equipment; monitoring the availability, serviceable condition and correct use of personal protective equipment;

– issuing, in accordance with the established procedure, therapeutic and preventive nutrition, milk or other equivalent food products to workers;

– implementation in a timely manner of labor protection measures, instructions of state supervision and control bodies, labor protection services;

– compliance with labor protection legislation;

organizes the safe operation of premises and structures assigned to the structural unit;

organizes the development and implementation of measures to eliminate the causes of industrial injuries and occupational diseases;

carries out timely development and revision of labor protection instructions;

does not allow the presence of unauthorized persons on the territory, production premises and workplaces;

suspends from work persons who appear at work in a state of alcohol, drug or toxic intoxication and who do not use the required personal protective equipment;

in the event of an accident, organizes first aid for the victim, reports the accident to the head of the organization, and carries out other activities provided for by the rules for the investigation and recording of industrial accidents and occupational diseases.

The internal regulatory document in a structural unit, regulating the basic requirements for the safe performance of work and intended for conducting instructions on labor protection in the workplace, is the labor protection instruction.

The procedure for the development and approval of labor protection instructions, as well as the requirements for their content, are regulated by the Methodological Recommendations for the development of state labor protection requirements, approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of December 17, 2002 No. 80 (hereinafter referred to as the Methodological Recommendations).

Labor safety instructions can be developed both for workers of certain professions (positions) and for certain types of work. Instructions for workers are developed on the basis of inter-industry or industry standard instructions, and in its absence - on the basis of inter-industry or industry rules on labor protection, safety requirements set out in the technical documentation of the equipment manufacturer, taking into account specific production conditions.

The development of labor protection instructions for workers is carried out on the basis of an order from the employer and a list of professions and types of work for which instructions are being developed. The instructions must indicate specific requirements for the safe operation of equipment, the safe execution of technological processes and general issues of working conditions, define safe work methods and techniques, as well as the sequence of their implementation.

The heads of the relevant structural divisions of the organization take part in drawing up the instructions, and the document is approved by the heads of the organization in agreement with the relevant trade union or other representative body. The instructions for employees come into force from the day of its approval.

All current labor protection instructions for employees of a structural unit of the organization, as well as a list of these instructions, must be kept by the head of the unit.

According to paragraph 5.6 of the Methodological Recommendations, the employer must review instructions at least once every five years. In exceptional cases, labor protection instructions may be revised ahead of schedule. In such cases, the Methodological Recommendations include, in particular (clause 5.7 of the Methodological Recommendations):

1) revision of intersectoral and sectoral rules and standard instructions on labor protection;

2) changes in the working conditions of workers;

3) introduction of new equipment and technology;

4) investigation of accidents, industrial accidents and occupational diseases, as a result of which it became obvious that the instructions in force at the enterprise are not enough to fully and comprehensively ensure the labor protection of workers;

5) a demand from representatives of labor authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation or federal labor inspection authorities to revise the current instructions.

If during the validity period of the instruction the working conditions of workers have not changed, then the validity of the instruction is extended for the next period (clause 5.8 of the Methodological Recommendations).

By virtue of paragraph 5.10 of the Methodological Recommendations, it is recommended that the location of labor protection instructions for workers be determined by the head of the organization’s structural unit, taking into account that it is convenient for workers to familiarize themselves with them.

Instructions can be either handed out to all employees for study during initial training, or posted at workplaces or areas. Instructions may also be stored in another place accessible and known to the employee.

In every organization engaged in production activities, where the number of employees exceeds 50 people, an occupational safety service must be created. This is stated in Article 217 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. If the number of personnel does not exceed the specified limit, the decision to create a service has the right to be made by the head of the organization.

The letter of Rostrud dated January 24, 2013 No. TZ/297-3-5 states that the qualification characteristics of positions of specialists carrying out work in the field of labor protection must meet the requirements established by the provisions of the section "Qualification characteristics of positions of specialists carrying out work in the field of labor protection "The Unified Qualification Directory of Positions for Managers and Specialists, approved by Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated May 17, 2012 No. 559n.

The structure of the labor protection service in the organization and the number of workers in the labor protection service are determined by the employer taking into account the recommendations of the federal executive body that carries out the functions of legal regulation in the field of labor (Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated January 22, 2001 No. 10 “On approval of inter-sectoral headcount standards workers of the labor protection service in organizations" and dated February 8, 2000 No. 14 "On approval of Recommendations for organizing the work of the labor protection service in the organization").

The labor protection service can be represented by:

– a separate structural unit;

– full-time occupational safety specialist;

– the head of the organization (entrepreneur personally) or other authorized employee;

– a third-party specialized organization that has appropriate accreditation, or a specialist with whom a civil law contract has been concluded.

The labor protection service carries out its activities in cooperation with other divisions of the organization, the labor protection committee (commission), authorized (trusted) persons for labor protection of trade unions or other representative bodies authorized by employees, the labor protection service of a higher organization (if any), and also with federal executive authorities and the executive authority of the relevant constituent entity of the Russian Federation in the field of labor protection, state supervision and control bodies over compliance with labor protection requirements and public control bodies.

Employees of the labor protection service in their activities are guided by laws and other regulatory legal acts on labor protection of the Russian Federation and the corresponding constituent entity of the Russian Federation, agreements (general, regional, sectoral), collective agreement, agreement on labor protection, and other local regulatory legal acts of the organization.

The main tasks of the labor protection service are:

– organization of work to ensure that employees comply with labor protection requirements;

– control over employees’ compliance with laws and other regulatory legal acts on labor protection, collective agreements, agreements on labor protection, and other local regulatory legal acts of the organization;

– organization of preventive work to prevent industrial injuries, occupational diseases and diseases caused by production factors, as well as work to improve working conditions;

– informing and consulting the organization’s employees, including its manager, on labor safety issues;

– study and dissemination of best practices in labor protection, promotion of labor protection issues.

In order to ensure occupational safety requirements, disseminate legal knowledge, carry out preventive work to prevent industrial injuries and occupational diseases, an office or corner on occupational safety can be organized in a structural unit in accordance with Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated January 17, 2001 No. 7 “On approval Recommendations for organizing the work of the occupational safety office and the occupational safety corner" (hereinafter referred to as Recommendations No. 7).

The main activity of the labor protection office (corner) is to provide assistance in solving labor safety problems and informing workers about their rights and responsibilities in the field of labor protection, about the state of conditions and labor protection in the company, about adopted regulations on labor safety and health.

In order for the labor protection service to function effectively, it is recommended to allocate a separate room for it, equipped with the necessary technical means, training aids and information materials.

The labor protection corner of a structural unit of the organization provides workers with information about (clause 11 of Recommendations No. 7):

– plans for the work of the labor protection office (if it is created in the organization);

– schedules of briefings and training schedules on labor protection;

– orders and regulations relating to the organization’s labor protection issues, plans to improve working conditions and labor protection;

– harmful and dangerous production factors and protective equipment at workplaces of a structural unit (section); violations of labor protection legislation;

– cases of industrial injuries and occupational diseases in the organization and measures taken to eliminate their causes; new receipts in the labor protection office of documents, educational and methodological literature, educational videos on labor protection, and so on.

The equipment of the occupational safety office and the occupational safety corner is dictated by the selected composition of the general and special sections and is formed based on the information media used and planned for use (printed materials, film and video products, computer products, radio broadcasting programs, full-scale samples, simulators, mannequins and mock-ups) (clause 13 of Recommendations No. 7).

According to paragraph 19 of Recommendations No. 7, in order to coordinate and improve the efficiency of the work of occupational safety cabinets and labor protection corners, federal executive authorities, executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of occupational safety, and labor protection services of organizations are recommended to develop proposals for establishing additional requirements for safety offices labor (labor safety corners) and organizational forms of their work, equipment and methodological support of labor safety rooms and labor safety corners of subordinate organizations and their structural divisions.

To carry out the activities implemented by the labor protection office, it is necessary to interact and participate in its work among the structural divisions and services of the organization, as well as to involve specialists from federal executive authorities, executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of labor protection, state supervision and control bodies for compliance with requirements labor protection, associations of trade unions and associations of employers, labor protection centers, educational institutions and organizations specializing in the field of labor protection services.

Frequency of review of occupational health and safety instructions. How this issue is regulated at the legislative level, including what regulatory documents exist. Responsibility of the employer for the absence of a document.

The instruction is valid for 5 years.

The development of occupational safety instructions is mandatory; this is determined by the legislative framework, including the system of occupational safety standards. The draft document is developed by the heads of the enterprises, is subject to legal review, signed by interested parties and approved by the employer.

The validity period of any instruction is no more than five years, and if the work is classified as hazardous, then no more than three. If the requirements have not changed during the specified period, then updating is still required.

HSE instructions are being developed by:

for a certain type of work;
regarding a certain profession.

Documents are developed taking into account the Rules, GOSTs, as well as standards and regulations in force at the enterprise during this period. Starting from the moment when the instruction for the enterprise was issued and put into effect by the Order, it automatically becomes a mandatory document for compliance with the standards specified in its content.

Every employee must know the location of the instructions, or the document must be in a known place, including on a stand. After updating, you should replace it with a new one.

Contains the procedure for the employee before starting work.

The material reflects the conditions for accident-free and safe organization of the technological process, including the use of tools that comply with safety regulations, the use of personal protective equipment by the employee, and every detail must be taken into account.

To do this, before issuing instructions, it is necessary to carefully study the route of the technological process. This is necessary for the manager; if an employee violates safety requirements, then it is possible to find a link to what he did incorrectly.

general provisions. Here is a list of regulatory documents adopted at the state level, as well as existing standards at the enterprise. The list of the latter is necessary so that there is no information contrary to current standards.

It is also necessary to indicate training, internship and rules for admission to the employee’s workplace. It is equally important to know in what cases an employee should not be allowed to perform production tasks;

The following is a statement of requirements before starting work. This describes what the employee must do before starting work.

For example, conduct an inspection, put on overalls, and see if there are any unnecessary items that will interfere with his work. If any deficiencies or suspicious circumstances are discovered, he must be reported to his immediate supervisor. Accordingly, work should not begin until then, until a number of issues identified by him have been eliminated;

requirements when performing production tasks. This section, as a rule, provides information about what needs to be done and what not to do when working.

For example, one must not be distracted, talk or engage in uncharacteristic work, and also neglect personal protective equipment. You should only deal with what task was given by your supervisor;

in the section regulating the requirements upon completion of work, it is usually stated that it is necessary to put your place of work in order, remove unnecessary objects, and clear all passages of unnecessary objects, turn off the power supply;
requirements in case of emergency situations. This section describes all possible situations and actions that an employee should know in the event of an emergency, namely in the event of an accident or other incident, taking into account the provision of first aid to a person injured;
It is possible that the material according to the instructions may cover other sections, since the specifics of the work may differ from the main one. The employer decides on this.

In general, the more information is taken into account in the occupational health and safety instructions, the better the quality of instruction will be.

Who develops labor safety instructions

An order must be issued.

The manager is obliged to ensure the development of instructions for, this is a legal requirement.

The development of instructions on health and safety is carried out by:

One of the managers of this enterprise, and the consultation is carried out by the same OT services;
The organization that has the right to develop this instruction.

The role of an occupational safety specialist is to provide methodological recommendations and consultations in this area.

When considering the draft instructions, it is imperative to take into account the opinion of the primary trade union organization. It is important for the employer to include in the functional responsibilities of managers the development of occupational safety instructions in order to avoid controversial issues.

Development sequence:

An Order or other administrative document is issued, which appoints the person responsible for the development and sets the deadline for completing the work. It is imperative to designate someone to establish general control over the execution of the Order;
In the process of performing work, a labor protection specialist provides consultations and issues methods for drawing up instructions, and also informs about new clarifications and changes in the Rules and other regulatory documents;
After preparing the draft instructions, it should be agreed upon with the services involved in the technical process, for example, energy or mechanics, representatives of the trade union committee, an occupational safety specialist and the site manager;
Next, the agreed project is approved by the head of the enterprise and put into effect by the Order of the same head.

The instructions have been prepared in full; then it is necessary to familiarize the persons involved in this type of activity with their contents against signature.

When publishing or updating a document, it is necessary to take into account all the nuances of the place of work or type of production activity.

Where is the document stored?

Health and safety instructions and their list should be kept by the manager, but each employee should know their location. A good option would be to hand over the document to the employee against signature, then you won’t have to look for these important documents in the hustle and bustle.

You can place the material on labor protection stands, so they will always be in view.

Reasons for revision of instructions

The instructions are revised in certain situations.

The contents of the instructions need to be reviewed periodically. This function is assigned to department heads. But the material contained in the document may be revised before the due date:

if changes are made to the Labor Safety Rules, GOSTs and other documents adopted at the legislative level. This work is organized at the enterprise, that is, it is necessary to periodically monitor changes in legislation;
working conditions have changed. For example, those affecting the body have increased.

This was shown by laboratory studies, on the basis of which the maximum permissible concentration of harmful substances on the body has increased. In this case, it became necessary to use additional personal protective equipment;

the introduction of new technologies and the replacement of outdated equipment with new ones is also the basis for amending the HSE instructions.

The technology has changed, based on this, it is necessary to instruct people involved in the technical process on new work methods, including what PPE to use, and what to do if unforeseen circumstances arise;

revision of the instructions is required if an accident, incident or other incident occurs, as well as based on the results of an investigation into an occupational disease.

In the process of investigating any of the listed cases, first of all, it is necessary to compare this circumstance with the requirements set out in the instructional material. If there are shortcomings, then you should definitely take into account the reason why the unexpected happened;

as prescribed by the state occupational safety inspector or other inspector. When inspecting an enterprise, violations are often identified, including in updating instructions.

The authorized inspection person has the right to issue an order regarding the need to reissue the document and verify compliance with this clause.

Frequency of review

You can review the instructions earlier.

At the legislative level, it is stipulated that the revision of instructions on health and safety is carried out every 5 years, and for work of special danger once every 3 years. This condition must be met no matter whether an unforeseen circumstance occurs or not.

There are also the following reasons for revising the instructions:

the occurrence of an accident, accident, incident or other incident;
process changes;
before using more advanced equipment;
as prescribed by inspectors;
in case of changes in the regulatory framework;
when have been changed .

It is necessary to revise the instructions in the same sequence as during development, that is, start with the order and end with the administrative document on introduction.

Taking into account instructions on labor protection by the employer

A log of labor safety instructions is kept.

The manager, along with the development of regulatory documentation on labor protection, is obliged to organize a record of instructions. This requirement is met for convenience when performing work, that is, to ensure control over the availability of documents and set deadlines for their processing.

To do this, a logbook is filled out, the approximate form of which is indicated in the methodological recommendations of the resolution of the Ministry of Labor. It is proposed to place the following information in the columns:

When the document is handed over;
Title of the document;
Serial number or designation;
Number of copies issued;
Recipient's last name and initials;
Signature of the person receiving the document.

Any organization must monitor the availability of labor protection instructions and the date of their revision.

As a rule, this function is performed by an occupational safety and health specialist.

Responsibility for the absence of a document

Responsibility for the lack of labor protection instructions rests with the employer. Violations of this kind may be revealed during prosecutorial inspections. In this case, the following may be assigned:

administrative punishment in the form of a fine from 5 to 80 thousand rubles.

The employer, as a rule, by order shifts this responsibility to another person and, by decision of the state inspector, penalties are imposed on another employee.

In this video you will learn about the development of instructions for the new rules.

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One of the first places in this list is occupied by labor safety instructions.

Concept

A labor safety instruction is a document that regulates the process of safe work with equipment, devices and mechanisms, as well as the performance of any work.

This document is somewhat similar to a job description, but if it pays more attention to what the employee must do, then the documents regulating labor protection describe how the employee should do this or that job.

For all positions that are in the staffing table of the enterprise, there must be instructions on labor protection, as well as for all work that may pose a danger to the life and health of the employee performing them.

Purpose

The main purpose of occupational safety instructions is to ensure the safe work of employees.

It is the main document that describes safe work practices, safety measures that need to be ensured before starting work, as well as what measures need to be taken if force majeure circumstances arise.

Are they required?

The head of any enterprise must have a set of instructions for the labor protection unit; this is directly stated in Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Their development and approval is part of the overall set of measures to ensure occupational safety at the enterprise.

Failure to provide this document may result in a fine being imposed on the employer.

And if its absence is discovered during the investigation of a work injury, then the consequences for the director of the company and the employee appointed responsible for compliance with labor protection will be very serious.

Kinds

All labor safety instructions can be divided into several types.

By positions (professions) and categories of workers

These instructions contain safe work practices for certain categories of workers in the enterprise.

For example, this could be a job description for an electrician, mechanic, cleaner, driver, etc. It describes the entire work algorithm performed by a specific employee and is applied only to employees working in this position.

If there are several units of one position in the staffing table, then the job description of this type can be either one for everyone or individual for each. This is determined by the job description.

Example

The organization has two electricians: Ivanov and Petrov, but one of them, according to the job description, has a traveling job, and the other’s responsibilities include setting up equipment and electrical networks within the employer’s territory; accordingly, their work algorithms will be different and it is better to draw up two instructions.

Note! The legislation does not clearly state that, as in the example above, staff units of the same name must have two instructions. But the more specific and detailed the instructions are in relation to the work being performed, the more the employer will protect himself and the employee in the event of an accident at the workplace.

By type of work

This type may include instructions regulating the performance of certain work or the use of certain mechanisms and devices.

In this document, all information relates to only one specific subject, for example:

computer work;
working on a drilling machine;
working with a ladder with a stepladder;
performing grass cutting work;
performing window cleaning work;
performing cleaning work in the charging area, etc.

These instructions can be used by any employee who is authorized and intends to perform the work specified in them.

Also, several instructions may apply to one position.

Example

Once a month, the cleaning lady of the organization should do a general cleaning with washing windows and wiping dust on high shelving. This means that, in addition to the instructions for the premises cleaner, she must also have instructions on labor protection when handling a stepladder and when washing windows.

For office workers

In this case, office workers will include employees whose work does not require the following features:

storage of raw materials and supplies;
maintenance, operation and adjustment of mechanisms and equipment;
working with complex tools.

That is, these are mainly employees belonging to administrative and managerial personnel, whose work functions are not associated with increased danger, but, nevertheless, they should also have instructions on labor protection.

Note! In some cases, employees in this category must also have additional instructions.

Example

An enterprise accountant works on a computer and uses an electric machine to staple documents. This means that her work will include instructions on labor protection on a personal computer and instructions on safe work on a machine for stapling documents.

At work

According to the law, all employees of an enterprise must undergo training at the workplace; its name and frequency are established individually for each category. For this purpose, labor safety instructions collected for a particular position are used.

This package of documents must be located at the employee’s workplace.

This is especially true for job positions associated with production risk more than other categories.

Example

For an electrician of an organization, the following list of instructions can be established at his workplace:

electrician's instructions;
instructions for working with electrified tools;
instructions for working with a stepladder;
instructions for working at height.

Labor protection instructions and their features

Who is developing this document?

The law obliges the head of the organization to ensure the creation and approval of instructions.

But the text of the document should be directly developed by the employees responsible for a particular area of work, since it is the managers and foremen of the areas who are best familiar with the specifics of a particular type of work.

The procedure for creating instructions at each enterprise is established individually.

If the enterprise is small, then the development of instructions for working personnel may be entrusted to the chief engineer or chief power engineer, but not to the person responsible for labor protection, unless, of course, he does not combine positions.

The fact is that most often, employees who are responsible for labor protection do not have a practical knowledge base in complex production processes. But they should help with methodological recommendations and indicate which normative act is best to use to write instructions.

In addition, when the text of the document is compiled, occupational safety specialists formulate all instructions in a single format, number them, collect signatures and distribute them for further use.

What is taken as a basis when compiling?

In state documents on labor protection there are many developed standard instructions for various positions and jobs.

Therefore, if there is a standard instruction, then it is this that is taken as the basis for a specific document, bringing it into line with the needs of a specific enterprise.

If there is no standard document, then you need to use industry or inter-industry Labor Safety Rules for a certain type of work, as well as operational documents (passports) of units and machines.

Design rules

In order for the safety instructions to comply with the law, it must be drawn up in accordance with all the rules.

Details required in the document:

full name of the organization;
visa approved by the head of the enterprise, certified by the official seal of the organization;
approval visas for responsible employees;
name of the instruction;
date and number;
text with relevant sections;
signature of the employee who compiled the document or the specialist responsible for labor protection.

Structure and sections

Standard forms of labor protection instructions contain five sections, so when developing them at enterprises, it is recommended to adhere to the same structure.

Sections that should be in the document:

general safety rules for a specific type of work (position);
ensuring safety before starting work;
safe work practices during their execution;
safety after completion of work;
safety in case of emergency situations.

Example of labor safety instructions:

What are they approved by?

Safety instructions must be approved by an order signed by the director of the company.

This is done every time a change occurs:

in case of approval of new instructions;
in case of re-approval without making changes;
in cases of changes in one or more instructions.

The order is drawn up in any form on the organization’s letterhead.

A sample of such an order is presented below:

Employee familiarization

The fact that company employees are familiar with labor safety instructions is recorded in a special journal. You can also familiarize employees with the instructions simply against signature, especially if the employee has just started working or the instructions are new. The issuance of these documents is recorded in.

Note! This method of familiarizing employees with job descriptions does not relieve the head of the enterprise from the obligation to conduct training and briefings on labor protection in a timely manner.

Validity

The direct validity period of the instruction is 5 years, then it must be reviewed for compliance with current legislation.
If no changes have occurred, the instructions can be left unchanged by approving this by order.

Thus, it will be valid for the same amount of time unless there are reasons for making changes

Modification, cancellation and modification

There are several cases to make changes to labor safety instructions:

Reason for revision	Periodicity
Expiration of validity period	Once every 5 years
Instructions for work involving increased danger	once every 3 years
Amendments to legislative acts	As needed
As ordered by higher authorities	As prescribed
When changing the production process technology	When introducing new equipment
In case of accidents at work	Based on the results of the investigation

Storage

The first copy of all the company's labor safety instructions, without exception, is kept by the specialist responsible for labor protection.

Also, the package of necessary instructions should be kept by the heads of sections and departments. Each employee should be given a set of his instructions, or they should be posted in the workshop (department) in a visible and accessible place.

After the current instructions are replaced with a new one and all employees are familiar with it, it can go into the archives for 5 years.

Labor safety instructions are an important document and its development must be approached with the utmost care.

Otherwise, this may entail negative consequences both for the safety of workers at the enterprise and for the employer.