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The official name of the state is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; also England - by the name of one of the historical parts. Great Britain was founded on January 1, 1801, after the unification of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland. It is one of the largest states in Europe, a nuclear power, a permanent member of the UN Security Council, and its capital, London, is the world's most important financial and economic center.
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Great Britain is located in the British Isles in northwestern Europe. It is washed from the west by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean, and from the east by the waters of the North Sea. It has land borders only with Ireland, and water borders with France, Belgium and the Netherlands, as well as Denmark, Germany, Norway, located much further away. The UK's EGP is both neighboring and coastal, which has a positive effect on the economic development of the country.
Geographical position
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The total area of Great Britain is about 244 thousand square meters. km. It consists of four fairly independent “historical provinces” (so-called countries) with their own administrative capitals: England (London), Scotland (Edinburgh), Wales (Cardiff) and Northern Ireland (Belfast). The state is considered unitary. The official capital of Great Britain is London.
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The form of government in Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy. Legally, the monarch leads the executive branch and is the supreme commander of the British Army, but in fact, as a result of changes that have occurred over many centuries, the monarchs have lost absolute power. The legislative body is a bicameral parliament, consisting of an Upper House - the House of Lords and a Lower House - the House of Commons.
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Meetings take place in the Houses of Parliament, which is one of the landmarks of London. The 650 members of the House of Commons are elected by British citizens once every five years, while membership in the House of Lords is hereditary in families of hereditary nobles. Executive power belongs to the cabinet of ministers, formed by the parliamentary majority. The leading role belongs to the two largest parties - the Conservatives (Tory) and Labor (Whig).
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The UK population is 63.23 million (2012). National composition: English - more than 80%, Scots - 10%, Welsh (indigenous residents of Wales) - 2%, Irish - 2.5%. A significant part of the population professes Protestantism. The exception is Northern Ireland, where the majority of residents are Catholic. Northern Ireland is a place of constant conflicts on religious and ethnic grounds
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Since 1921, around 40% of the population has lived in major conurbations centered on London, Manchester, Birmingham, Glasgow, Leeds and Liverpool. The UK's urbanization rate is 91%. The share of the rural population is very small. In recent years, there has been a noticeable influx of people from developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
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Metallurgy in Great Britain is one of the most developed industries. The first place in terms of employment belongs to ferrous metallurgy, the rest is accounted for by non-ferrous metallurgy. The main centers of steel and iron production are Cardiff and Swansea (Wales), Leeds (England). Aluminum smelters are located mainly in Scotland and Wales.
Metallurgy
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Mechanical engineering is one of the UK's leading industries. It includes many areas, each of which has its own location. High-tech engineering (aeronautics, electronics) is located mainly in the London area, machine tool manufacturing in Birmingham, shipbuilding in Glasgow, and textile engineering in Manchester.
Mechanical engineering
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The main sources of energy are coal, oil and natural gas. The main coal mining areas are Cardiff, South Wales and Central England. The main oil refining plants are located in Southampton, Cheshire, and Yorkshire. Numerous hydroelectric power plants are located in the mountainous regions of Scotland and Wales, and thermal power plants are located in coal mining areas. The share of nuclear power plants is small, although in recent years there has been an increase in their construction.
Fuel and energy industry
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The chemical industry is concentrated mainly in Birmingham and Middlesbrough. This is mainly the production of plastics, detergents and disinfectants, dyes, and fertilizers. The UK is one of the largest exporters of dyes in the world. The pharmaceutical industry has reached a high level of development.
Chemical industry
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The main areas for the development of light industry are Lancashire, Yorkshire, Liverpool, and Manchester. The Isle of Lewis is home to the production of woolen fabrics. The production of knitwear is concentrated in Scotland, and the production of linen fabrics is in Northern Ireland. Factories involved in leather production are located mainly in Lancashire, Yorkshire, and the outskirts of London. The UK clothing industry is the largest in Europe, with its main centers being London, Leeds and Manchester.
Light industry
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In the UK, consumption of bakery and confectionery products, chocolate and cocoa is very high. More than 2/3 of all bread is produced in automated bakeries. Smaller bakeries produce a variety of cookies, cakes and muffins. The UK also specializes in the production of fruit jams and ready-made fruit pie fillings. Every year the production of ham and bacon predominates among meat products.
Food industry
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Great Britain is characterized by a moderate and fairly humid climate with slight temperature changes throughout the year, which creates favorable conditions for the development of agriculture. Rural lands are occupied by pastures and agricultural crops - potatoes, sugar beets, wheat, barley, oats. In the south of Britain, in the Dover area, there are a few orchards. The production of natural milk is in wide demand. Dairy cattle are raised primarily in the southwest of England. Special breeds of highland cattle are bred in the mountains of Scotland; Pig farming is especially developed in the eastern regions of England. Up to 30% of pork is used to make bacon, and the rest is used to produce meat products. Fishery is developed.
Agriculture
Presentations about England for English lessons
To view the content of the presentation, click on its thumbnail. To download a presentation on England for free, click on its title.
Presentations about England
list of all presentations on England in table form| Presentation title | Author | Slides | Words | Sounds | Effects | Time | Download |
| English Revolution | 10 | 74 | 0 | 29 | 00:00 | 880 kB | |
| England | Ogoreltseva Natalya | 33 | 992 | 0 | 56 | 00:00 | 5,209 kB |
| Stonehenge | Hope | 15 | 300 | 0 | 0 | 00:00 | 12,391 kB |
| British traditions | Admin | 38 | 3145 | 0 | 4 | 00:00 | 2,800 kB |
| Traditions of Russia and England | 8 | 394 | 0 | 0 | 00:08 | 1,172 kB | |
| Schools in England | 8 | 134 | 1 | 0 | 00:00 | 484 kB | |
| School education in England | Vk.com/id141955318 | 6 | 396 | 1 | 0 | 00:00 | 7,295 kB |
| Sports in England | 29 | 2192 | 0 | 0 | 00:00 | 2,605 kB | |
| English cuisine | 19 | 1040 | 0 | 47 | 00:00 | 692 kB | |
| English cinema | Student | 8 | 328 | 0 | 29 | 00:00 | 1,163 kB |
| British artists | Notebook2 | 15 | 792 | 0 | 11 | 00:00 | 372 kB |
| Romany | Agafonova Angelina | 9 | 237 | 0 | 0 | 00:00 | 2,490 kB |
| Total: 12 presentations | 198 | 00:00 | 37 MB |
To view the presentation, click on the link in the “Presentation Title” column.
To download the presentation for free, click on the link in the “Download” column.
Presentations about England
English Revolution
Slides: 10 Words: 74 Sounds: 0 Effects: 29Content. Enclosures, Puritans. Elizabeth I, Francis Drake, Charles I, Cromwell, Ireland. The beginning of the English Revolution. Fencing. Enclosures - the removal of English peasants from the land for sheep farming. Puritans. Puritans are English Calvinists. Elizabeth i. Elizabeth I - Queen of England, enemy of the Spanish King Philip II. Francis Drake. Francis Drake - English pirate and naval commander. Charles i. Charles I is an English king who was executed during the revolution. Cromwell. Cromwell - leader of the English Revolution. Ireland. Ireland is an island to the west of Britain. - England.ppt
England
Slides: 33 Words: 992 Sounds: 0 Effects: 56England. However, the political ties and direction of England were changed forever by the Norman Conquest in 1066. The Kingdom of England (including Wales) continued to exist as an independent nation-state right through to the Acts of Union. Kingdom of England. Middle Ages. The break with Rome started in the reign of Henry VIII. The English Reformation paved the way for the spread of Anglicanism in the church and other institutions. Reformation. This is England's Flag. Facts about england. The national emblems of England. Great Britain is a monarchy. The power of Queen is limited by Parliament. -England.pptx
Stonehenge
Slides: 15 Words: 300 Sounds: 0 Effects: 0Stonehenge Stonehenge. About 4,600 years ago-or maybe-the Stone Age inhabitants of Britain started building an enormous stone structure. About 4,600 years ago, or perhaps more, during the Stone Age, the inhabitants of Great Britain began to build huge structures from stone. This structure is now called Stonehenge, and it is near Salisbury, in the south of England. The people who started Stonehenge were primitive. The people who started Stonehenge were primitive. They used no metal and the it tools were made only of stone, bone and wood. Those primitive people usually spent all day, from sunrise to sun set, hunting, fishing and growing crops. - Stonehenge.ppt
British traditions
Slides: 38 Words: 3145 Sounds: 0 Effects: 4British and Russian traditions. Similarities and differences in culture. British and Russian traditions and holidays. The tasks of the lesson. Educational material. Holidays. The main holidays in Russia. Speaking about some British holidays. Halloween traditions. St. Valentines Day. Some British traditions. Very special royal tradition. Stonehenge. Working in groups. The Ceremony of the Keys. November 5th. Summing – up. Presenting some of Russian holidays. Maslenitsa. Pancakes recipe. Egg is the main paschal symbol of resurrection. Tradition. How to make tea and scones. 7th Duchess of Bedford. - British traditions.ppt
Traditions of Russia and England
Slides: 8 Words: 394 Sounds: 0 Effects: 0Traditions of Russia and England. Hypothesis: Traditions influence family cohesion. Progress of the study: What traditions do we have in our family? I learned how our families differ from English families. Research results: Results of a comparison of traditions in Russian and English families. Russia Mother's Day - children give flowers and cards to their mothers. Easter - baking Easter cake, dyeing eggs. Christmas - cooking sochi, syti, duck or goose with apples. The tradition of tea drinking is samovar, rolls. England Mother's day - children do all the housework around the house. Easter - decoration with tree branches with swollen buds, decoration with daffodils. - Traditions of Russia and England.ppt
Schools in England
Slides: 8 Words: 134 Sounds: 1 Effects: 0Schools in England!!! Schools in England are divided into public and private. Most children start school at five in a primary school. school uniforms. nutrition of students in school. The students eat cakes,fruit and drink juices. school lessons. Music. English. Geography. Maths. history. Computing. Nature Study. extracurricular employments. swimming. music. biathlon. tennis equestrian sport. music lessons. choir accommodation. Girls and boys live in individual student houses for 40-50 people. - Schools in England.pptx
School education in England
Slides: 6 Words: 396 Sounds: 1 Effects: 0Schools in England. Winchester. Harrow. Eton. Rugby. It is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain. - School education in England.ppt
Sports in England
Slides: 29 Words: 2192 Sounds: 0 Effects: 0National sports of Great Britain. Develop a project. Sports play an important part in the life of Britain. The meaning of sport. Active sports. Cricket. Cricket. Football. Football. Rugby. Rugby. Tennis. Badminton. Snooker. Snooker. British people. Sports in schools. Problems of physical education in schools. Rugby at the school stadium. Tennis. Olympic England. Games. Tokyo. Olympic champions. British Olympic champions. Champions of past years. Creation of this work in two languages. - Sports in England.ppt
English cuisine
Slides: 19 Words: 1040 Sounds: 0 Effects: 47Traditional English food. Objective of the project. Breakfast. Lunch. Tea. Dinner. Fruit salad. Ingredients: - apple, pear, orange, grapefruit, banana. S O U P. Ingredients: - chicken broth. V E G E T A B L E S O U P. Ingredients: - carrots, tomatoes. "B l o o d y M a r y." Ingredients: -1 onion -2 celery. L E M O N C R E A M. Ingredients: -75 g butter -3 eggs. P u d d I n g. Ingredients: -250 g flour. English cuisine has preserved and brought to this day many traditional dishes. - English cuisine.ppt
English cinema
Slides: 8 Words: 328 Sounds: 0 Effects: 29English cinema. Founder William Paul. The first English film producer is William Paul. Charles Urban. Cecil Hepworth. Britan school. "The Misadventures of Mary Jane", dir. Smith, 1901. “Stop the Thief!”, dir. English cinema in the post-war period. English cinema in the post-war period developed in 2 directions: 1. Classic English cinema. Commercial English cinema. The role of James Bond was played by: Sean Connery (1962-1967; 1971). George Lazenby (1969). Roger Moore (1973-1985). Timothy Dalton (1987-1989). Pierce Brosnan (1995-2002). Daniel Craig (2006-2008). - English cinema.pps
British artists
Slides: 15 Words: 792 Sounds: 0 Effects: 11Peter Lely studied painting in Haarlem. Lely becomes a master of the Guild of Saint Luke in Haarlem in 1637. As a result Lely is the first English painter who has left "an enormous mass of work“. Most famous non-portrait work Lely is probably Nymphs by a fountain in Dulwich Picture Gallery. Peter Lely and Benjamin West. Lely owns exceptional style of painting fabric. Self-portrait. The designs for the Iliad and Odyssey were commissioned by Mrs. John Flaxman "Cephalous and Aurora. Nelson. In the sixteenth year Linton was apprenticed to the wood-engraver George Wilmot Bonner. - Artists.ppt
Romany
Slides: 9 Words: 237 Sounds: 0 Effects: 0Romany. Roma's flag. The first mention of the Roma. Romanes. The others speak on various dialects of gipsy language. Religion. It became appreciable within persecutions of religion by the Soviet authority. Legends associated with the belief. Since that time god has allowed to steal sometimes to gypsies. Roma now be found on all continents except Antarctica. Roma national costume. -
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Contents Geographical location General information London is the capital of England Relief Climate of Great Britain Rivers and lakes 6.1. River Thames 6.2 Lake District National Park Vegetation of Great Britain Fauna Minerals Industry of Great Britain Agriculture Population of England Government 13.1. Interesting facts about Elizabeth II 13.2. Children of Queen Elizabeth II Some traditions of England 15-16. Sights of London England - the birthplace of football
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1. Geographical location of Great Britain is: British Isles; Northeast of the island of Ireland; Channel Islands; many small islands. Great Britain is washed by: the Atlantic Ocean; North Sea; The English Channel and Pas-de-Calais; Irish Sea; St George's Channel.
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2. General information The total area of the United Kingdom is 243,610 square kilometers. Of these: the territory of England - 130,410 sq. km., Scotland - 78,772 sq. km. km., Wales - 20,758 sq. km., Northern Ireland - 13,843 sq. km. The population of Great Britain in 2011 was 63,181,775 people, of which 92% of the population were indigenous. In the country, the birth rate exceeds the death rate (population growth - 0.279%).
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3. London is the capital of England. The area of London is 1706.8 sq. km. The capital of Great Britain has 8.2 million inhabitants and is the largest city in the European Union and the 16th largest in the world. The prime meridian, called the Greenwich meridian, passes through the capital. Cars in London drive on the left side of the street. There are almost never traffic jams in the city center - all because entry into the center of the capital is paid. On average, about half of the people on the central streets of the capital of Great Britain are tourists. Becoming a taxi driver in London is very difficult - there are more than 1000 streets in the city, and every taxi driver should know them by heart. For this purpose, drivers undergo training courses for 3 years. The height of the famous London Eye is 135 meters - it is the third largest Ferris wheel in the world. A full rotation of the Ferris wheel takes 30 minutes.
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4. Relief There are many National Parks in Great Britain, which were created to preserve the unique nature and ecology of the country. The most famous of them: Lake District, Dartmoor, Loch Lomond, Exmoor and others. Mount Snowdon (1085 m) Name Location Relief "Low Britain" South and south-east of the country Hilly: small hills, lowlands, several mountainous areas "High Britain" North and west of the country, including Ireland Mountainous terrain: Cumberland Mountains; Pennine Mountains; Limestone hills of Exmoor and Dartmoor; North Scottish Highlands Cambrian Mountains.
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5. Climate of Great Britain The climate is temperate oceanic, humid. Average temperatures in January are from 3 to 7 C, in July 11-17 C. Summer temperatures rarely rise above 29 ° C or drop below –7 ° C on winter nights. In the mountains, frost and snow are a constant phenomenon, but in the lowlands in a normal winter, temperatures below 0°C last only 30–60 days a year, and snow only 10–15 days. Cool air comes from the Atlantic Ocean in summer and warm air in winter, so the climate of England is mild. The weather in England is fairly cloudy, as most of the precipitation falls in the form of constant drizzle rather than showers, and the sun does not appear many days of the year. Damp, damp fog occurs in London on average 45 days a year, mainly in January and February. Palace of Westminster in the fog
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6. Rivers and lakes Great Britain is rich in water resources; a dense network of deep rivers is developed on its territory. The largest rivers in Great Britain are the Severn (354 km) and the Thames (338 km). The main rivers of England are the Thames, Severn, and Tyne. The main rivers of Scotland are the Clyde, Tay, Force, Tweed, Dee and Spey. The main rivers of Northern Ireland are the Foyle, Upper Ban and Lower Ban. The largest lakes in Great Britain are Loch Neagh (about 400 sq. km) in northern Ireland, as well as Loch Lomond and Loch Ness in Scotland. The numerous lakes of the Scottish Highlands and the Circle of Lakes are very picturesque, which attracts tourists and... There are no large lakes in the lowlands of Great Britain, but there are many artificial reservoirs created on the site of former peat mining, sand and gravel quarries.
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6.1. River Thames The Thames is England's longest river and the second longest in the United Kingdom. The river flows through London, the capital of the United Kingdom. There are various species of birds here, some of which can be found both on water and on land. These are mainly cormorants, black-headed and herring gulls. Mute swans on the river are a common sight, and escaped black swans can be seen, but very rarely. There are more than 80 islands and areas of both fresh and salt water on the Thames. Every year a swan census ceremony is held - an old tradition of counting the number of swan families. River Thames, London
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6.2. Lake District National Park Lake District National Park is a nature reserve in the mountainous region of North-West England, in the county of Cumbria. Founded in 1951. In the Lake District there are 16 large lakes and many small ones, there are rivers, streams, waterfalls and ponds. Fishing is prohibited here. Nowadays, the villages of the county welcome tourists, treat them to beer, place them in cozy hotels and offer excursions. In ancient times, the inhabitants of these places traded sheep wool, and later graphite was mined here. You can learn more about the history of this region at the Cumberland Pencil Museum. Castlerigg Stone Circle, Lake District Lake District
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7. Vegetation of Great Britain Great Britain is characterized by a cultural landscape (cultural means formed as a result of human activity). Natural vegetation has been preserved only in mountainous areas. Today, only 9% of the UK is forest. There are a lot of fields, meadows, small forest areas and parks. The forests are dominated by broad-leaved species (oak, hornbeam, elm, beech) and only in Scotland - pine. splashes. The west coast is virtually devoid of vegetation due to exposure to winds with salty sea spray. Levens Garden, Cumbria, England
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Kingfishers are small birds with bright plumage. They feed on small fish. 8. Fauna There are about 30 thousand species of animals in Great Britain. Of the 200 species of birds, the most common are sparrows, finches, starlings, crows, kingfishers, robins, and tits. You can also see nightingales, partridges and pigeons. More than half of the birds arrive from neighboring countries. Representatives of the fauna include deer, black rats, foxes, ferrets, rabbits, hares, badgers, red squirrels, otters, mink, roe deer and others. There are only four species of reptiles in the entire British Isles, and even then in England they are quite rare. The rivers are inhabited mainly by salmon and trout. Due to the heavy pollution of UK rivers, the fishing industry is very small.
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9. Minerals There are not so many valuable natural resources in the UK. It is especially rich in coal, the total reserves of which are 189 billion tons. Three basins stand out as the largest reserves and production: Yorkshire (south-eastern slope of the Pennines), Northumberland (north-east Pennines) and South Wales (southern slope of the Cambrian Mountains) ). Currently, the role of hard coal is no longer so great, its production has decreased, the best seams have been exhausted, and the use of deep mines has become unprofitable. In the 60s, oil and gas fields were discovered on the North Sea shelf. Large deposits are located off the coast of southeast England and northeast Scotland. In addition to large energy resources, the UK has significant reserves of iron ore. As for other minerals, there is a large deposit of kaolin in Cornwall, also rock salt in Cheshire and Durham, potash in Yorkshire and in very small quantities some non-ferrous metals. Uranium ores were found in Scotland.
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10. UK Industry Great Britain is an economically developed country, one of the seven most highly developed world powers. UK industry: mechanical engineering, aircraft manufacturing, shipbuilding; tobacco and food industry (famous Scotch whiskey, gin, milk, etc.); paper and printing industries, light industry; pharmaceutical industry; chemical, forestry, furniture, rubber industries and others. Rolls-Royce Ghost 2013 The UK ranks 8th in the world in car production. The most famous brands are: Jaguar, Rolls Royce, Aston Martin, Bentley and Land Rover.
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11. Agriculture In Great Britain, less than 2% of the population is employed in agriculture. At the same time, the country fully provides itself with the necessary products (with the exception of sugar and cheese, which are imported). the state pays extra to people who are employed in the agricultural sector; the country has minimum prices for domestic goods and import duties have been introduced; farmers are paid compensation for unused land; Beef and lamb producers are paid extra to make their product competitive in the European market. Among the cereals, wheat, oats, and rye are important. A significant portion of cereals is used to produce bread, cereals, etc. In livestock farming, the most important are cattle. Grazing, England
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12. Population of England Great Britain is a densely populated country. Only in the mountains of Scotland is there a small population. 80% of the population lives in cities. The level of urbanization in the country is one of the highest in the world. 4/5 of all residents of Great Britain are now British. Their official language is English. The official church in England is the Anglican Church, which has 26 million parishioners. The official Scottish Church unites 1 million believers. Other Protestant churches, of which the largest is the Methodist, have 1.6 million believers. There are also adherents of the Roman Catholic Church and Muslims.
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13. Government structure Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy. The head of state is the king (queen). The monarch authorizes bills, exercises the right of pardon, grants titles and titles, but has only nominal power. The highest legislative body is parliament, consisting of the House of Commons (630 deputies) and the House of Lords (1000 secular and spiritual peers). The highest body of executive power is the cabinet of ministers, headed by the prime minister. The Queen of Great Britain is Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh is her husband. Administratively, England is one of 4 administrative and political parts (historical provinces): it has 39 counties, 6 metropolitan counties and Greater London.
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13.1. Interesting facts about Elizabeth II The wedding of the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh took place on November 20, 1947 in Westminster Abbey. The Queen has an extensive collection of jewelry, most of which is royal regalia (crowns, scepters). The queen received the rest of the jewelry as an inheritance or as a gift. During her reign, the Queen of England had more than 30 corgi dogs. The Queen now has five corgis. The Queen developed a new breed of dog known as the Dorgi. Elizabeth II is interested in horse breeding. Each season approximately 25 Royal Racehorses are trained to compete. Corgi dog
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14. Some traditions of England Traditional English tea drinking. To hold an English tea ceremony, you need a certain way of serving the tea table, tea, snacks for tea and a special mood. Changing of the guard ceremony. This free theatrical performance can be seen near Buckingham Palace and in several other places in London. The changing of the guard to the sounds of the orchestra at Buckingham Palace consists of replacing the old guard with a new one. The ceremony lasts 45 minutes. Receptions in the royal garden. Each summer there are at least three receptions at Buckingham Palace and one at the Palace of Holyroodhouse. More than 30 thousand people attend receptions in the Royal Gardens every year. Ceremony of the Keys. Every night the chief jailer of the Tower of London (beefeater) performs the ritual of locking the Tower gates. All gates must be locked at exactly 21:53. After this, the Tower's resident trumpeter sounds the all-clear and the ceremony ends. To see this ceremony, you must register 6-8 weeks in advance, since the number of participants is limited.
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15. Sights of London St. Peter's Cathedral Church in Westminster, the traditional place of coronation of British monarchs and burial places of English monarchs. The oldest part of the abbey has been preserved since the 11th century - the passages and chapel under the dormitory. The premises of the ancient treasury also survived - heavy vaults on thick columns, chests where jewelry was kept and a high vaulted entrance. Buckingham Palace is the working office of the monarchy. Many royal ceremonies begin here. When the Queen is in the palace, the royal flag flies on the roof. During the summer, the palace is visited by approximately 30,000 guests, who take part in receptions in the royal garden. Buckingham Palace Westminster Abbey
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16. Sights of London Over its more than 900-year history, the Tower of London has been a fortress, a palace, a prison, a repository of royal jewels, an observatory, and a mint. Today's Tower has retained its traditional features. On its territory are the Treasury of the British Crown, a medieval palace, Martin's Tower, the Fusiliers' Museum and Tower Meadow. In Madame Tussauds wax museum you can see representatives of the royal family, pop stars, prominent scientists and military leaders and many other “doubles” of famous people. The founder of the museum is Marie Grosholz. Madame Tussauds Tower of London
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17. England - the birthplace of football For a long time, playing football was considered pagan fun and was not approved by the church. In 1314, King Edward II by decree prohibited "possession with a large ball." For the next two centuries, ball games and their participants were persecuted. “Amnesty” followed only in 1603 from Queen Elizabeth I. Football became an integral part of public festivities on Maslenitsa and Easter. These days, residents of English villages staged a kind of football. The game took place throughout all the streets and squares of the village, not obeying any rules. On October 26, 1863, team captains gathered in the Freeman Tavern pub in London and attempted to develop uniform rules for playing big-time football. A month later, one of the members of the Football Association published a book called “Description of the Game of Football.” It sets out the basic rules that formed the basis of modern football. Today the most famous football clubs are: Liverpool, Chelsea, Arsenal, Manchester United and others.
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Presentation on the topic: Great Britain
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Geographical location of Great Britain United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. An island state in northwestern Europe, it includes 4 historical national regions - England, Scotland and Wales on the island of Great Britain, and Northern Ireland, which occupies the northeastern part of the island. Ireland. Area 244.11 thousand km2. Capital London.
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Government structure of Great Britain. Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the queen. Legislative power is exercised by the queen and a bicameral parliament (House of Lords and House of Commons). The executive branch is headed by the prime minister - the leader of the party. Great Britain heads the Commonwealth, which includes 53 countries.
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Administrative and governmental structure of Great Britain. Consists of 4 administrative and political parts: England (39 counties, 6 metropolitan counties and a special administrative unit - Greater London), Wales (8 counties), Scotland (12 regions: 9 districts and 3 island territories) and Northern Ireland (26 counties ). Possessions of Great Britain: in Europe - Gibraltar, in America - Anguilla, Bermuda, Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Montserrat, Turks and Caicos, Falkland Islands, in Africa - St. Helena Island, in Oceania - Pitcairn Island.
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UK Economy The United Kingdom ranks 4th in the world in terms of trade. Engineering and transport, industrial goods and chemicals are the UK's main exports. The UK imports 6 times more manufactured goods than raw materials. The leading sector of the British economy is the service sector (74% of GDP). The second most important sector of the British economy is industry (18.6% of GDP). Transport (7.8% of GDP). Construction (6.1% of GDP). Agriculture accounts for only 1% of GDP.
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Natural conditions Washed by the Atlantic Ocean and its seas. Scotland and Northern England are mountainous and geographically represent High Britain - the North Scottish Highlands, the Southern Scottish Highlands, the Pennine and Cambrian Mountains, the Lake District in the north-west of England. In the south and south -east of Low Britain - rolling plains (London Basin, etc.), framed by cuesta ridges, a typical landscape of “good old England”. The climate is temperate oceanic, humid, with mild winters and cool summers.
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Natural resources. Coal basins: Yorkshire, Northumberland-Durham, South Wales. Natural gas: Leman Bank, Brent, Morecambe, Lockton, West Sol, Hewett, Indefaty Gable, Frigg, Wyking. Oil: Brent, Fortis, Statfjord, Cormorant, Nynian, Piper, Fulmar. Iron ore: Artleborough, Northamptonshire, Frodingham, Northumberland-Durham.
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Population of Great Britain Number - 60.6 million people. About 80% of the population are English, 15% are Scots, Welsh (Welsh), Cornish and Irish. They inhabit England, most of Wales and form compact settlements in some areas in the south of Scotland. OK. 5% of the population are immigrants from Commonwealth countries. The official language is English. The British are adherents of the Anglican state church, the Scots are mostly Presbyterians, the Irish are mostly Catholics. High degree of urbanization; 89.4% of the population lives in cities.
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The average population density is 245.5 people/km2. The most densely populated areas are Central and South-East England, the least populated areas are northern Scotland and Central Wales. Average life expectancy: 74 years for men, 79 years for women. The birth rate (per 1000 people) is 12.0. The mortality rate (per 1000 people) is 10.7. The country is characterized by low population growth - the result of a convergence of birth and death rates. Low natural growth is associated with the problems of “aging the nation.” Immigration to Britain from Ireland has increased.
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Industry Petroleum Refining: Shell Haven, Foley, Grangemouth, Milford Haven, Pembroke. Ferrous metallurgy: Sheffield Rotherham, Port Talbot, Llanwern, Scunthorpe, Skinningrove. Non-ferrous metallurgy: Swansea, London and its suburbs, Holyhead, Lynmouth. Aluminum industry: Burntisland, Dolgarrog, Newport, Kinlochleven, Foyers, Holyhead, Invergordon. Automotive industry: Greater London, Birmingham, Coventry, Luton, Oxford, Derby, Sunderland, Liverpool.
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Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering: Greater London, Glasgow, Edinburgh, East Kilbright, Birmingham, Dundee. Aviation and aerospace industry: Greater London, Bristol with the suburb of Filton, Derby, Gloucester, White, Yeovil, Luton, Manchester, Preston. Shipbuilding: Clydeside, Barrow-in-Furness, Belfast, Sunderland, Birkenhead. Chemical industry: Greater London, Foley-Southampton, Stanlow-Carrington, Billingham-Wilton, North Tees, Londonderry, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester. Nuclear industry: Amersham, Harwell, Aldermaston, Springfield, Capenhurst, Riseley, Wantage. Textile industry: London, Nottingham, Huddersfield, Bradford, Greenfield, Grimsby, Wolverhampton, Preston, Wilton, Coventry, Kilrood, Manchester, Belfast.
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Agriculture The UK ranks sixth among EU member states in terms of agricultural production. Agricultural land in the UK totals 18.5 million hectares, which is about 77% of the country's territory. The structure of agricultural production is dominated by: Livestock breeding; Dairy and meat and dairy cattle breeding, pig breeding; Meat sheep and poultry farming. England is one of the world's largest suppliers of sheep wool. Traditionally, livestock farming is concentrated in river basins.
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In crop production: almost 60% of arable land is occupied by perennial grasses, over 28% by grain crops (including 15% by wheat, 11% by barley); 12% - under industrial (rapeseed, sugar beets, flax) and fodder crops (including potatoes), as well as vegetable gardens and berry fields. The main agricultural regions are East Anglia and the South East. There are many orchards in the country. For products such as wheat, barley, oats and pork, production volumes exceed consumption volumes; for such as potatoes, beef, lamb, wool, sugar and eggs, production volume is lower than consumption volume
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Service sector The service sector in the UK accounts for about 2/3 of GDP. The main share (about 40%) is occupied by business and financial services. The share of government services accounts for 35%, trade 19%. Hotel services occupy 5% of the total services market. Trade turnover in the UK service sector in 2006 amounted to 221.5 billion pounds sterling, its growth compared to the previous year was 8.4%. Foreign trade in services has a positive balance (17.2 billion pounds sterling). In 2006, the total volume of exports of services amounted to 125.6 billion pounds sterling. and increased relative to 2005. by 9.8%. Financial services took the leading position in exports.
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Tourism The UK has a developed tourism industry. It employs 2.1 million people. 8% of small companies operate in this area. In 2001, 22.8 million foreigners visited the UK. Its share in world tourism is 3.4%. According to this indicator, it is in 7th place in the world. Great Britain is one of the most economically developed countries in the world, and it is home to the world's largest financial and trade centers (London, Liverpool, Glasgow), famous scientific centers (London, Oxford, Cambridge , Edinburgh) – hence the great importance of business and congress tourism. Tourists also come to the sporting matches that often take place in Great Britain, especially football matches.
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Transport system Great Britain is an island state; all its external transport and trade are associated with sea and air transport. All areas of the UK are directly connected to seaports, which serve as main transport hubs. The UK is connected to the continent by a Channel Tunnel, two railway ferries and numerous sea car and passenger ferries. In domestic transportation, road transport plays the largest role. London and Glasgow have underground trains. There are about 450 civil airports in the country - the largest of them is Heathrow.
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Conclusion Now Great Britain is a highly developed state, one of the leading world powers. In terms of industrial production, it ranks fifth in the world after the USA, Japan, Germany and France. But this is not done yet. In Britain, minerals are being mined and new methods of extracting them are being developed. Due to the fact that Britain is an island state, it remains one of the largest maritime powers today. Thanks to its EGP, the UK still has development options. This country can only develop and improve its position in the world.
Learning English involves not only memorizing and using verbal and grammatical structures in speech, but also mastering certain regional studies material. This includes cultural and geographical features of the countries of the language being studied, holidays, traditions, famous figures, writers and much more.
Regional studies, as a rule, begins with the study of general data about the country, in the case of the English language - of course, Great Britain. At the same time, it’s a good idea to use all the main channels for transmitting information. You can watch a film or presentation about Great Britain, listen to a recording that shows the peculiarities of British pronunciation, or do a project on the main attractions of the country.
To help parents and teachers, I have collected several options for presentations on the topic “Great Britain”. Choose any one that meets your goals and requirements.
Option 1
This presentation talks about the regional division of the country, its components, their flags and emblems, capitals, and geography. London and its main attractions are also described. Well chosen pictures.
from here
Option 2
This presentation contains information about the territory and population of the country, administrative divisions, politics, and economics. There are slides about famous cultural figures: The Beatles, Arthur Conan Doyle.
You can download this presentation from here. Format: PDF.
Option 3
It tells about geography, administrative divisions, government, parliament, the queen, etc. At the end there is a test for mastering the material. This presentation is slightly inferior in quality to the previous two; there are small gaps in the slides. However, if you are compiling material from different sources, then this presentation can be used.
You can download this presentation from here. Format: PPT (PowerPoint Presentation).
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