In October 1835, N.V. Gogol began creating his, perhaps, best comedy - the comedy “The Inspector General”. A little earlier, in a letter to A.S. Pushkin, Gogol asked to suggest some new plot, “a purely Russian joke,” promising that he would make it into a comedy that would be “funnier than the devil.” Pushkin shared one of his stories with Gogol - an anecdote about a passing ordinary official who was mistaken in the province for an important person.
In December 1835, the comedy was completed, and the following year it was staged on the stage of the Alexandrinsky
Theater in St. Petersburg. She enjoyed extraordinary success; Nicholas I himself watched it with great pleasure and noticed that “everyone got it” in the play, and most of all he.
What made the audience laugh? First of all, the comedy characters. Gogol showed incredibly funny and at the same time extremely reliable, recognizable types of people. What appears before us is not just individual officials of a certain provincial town, but entire collective images.
Each of them is funny and typical in its own way.
Thus, mayor Anton Antonovich Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky is “already old in the service and a very intelligent man in his own way,” who has gone up the entire career ladder and knows all the rules, knows how to take bribes and deftly give them. Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin read “five or six books” and is therefore considered almost a freethinker and Jacobin. The trustee of charitable institutions, Zemlyanika, despite his thickness and external clumsiness, is a great “slick and rogue”; he is very helpful and fussy, loves to inform on his colleagues.
Postmaster Shpekin is “a simple-minded person to the point of naivety,” who loves to read other people’s letters and even keeps the ones he likes as souvenirs and reads them aloud to his friends. The main character of the comedy, Khlestakov, is a young man of about twenty-three, somewhat stupid and “without a king in his head.” As we can see, all the characters in the comedy, without exception, are characterized by the author very sarcastically. Gogol widely uses the technique of “speaking” names.
Just look at the names of local police officers: Ukhovertov, Derzhimorda, Svistunov. And Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin; and Dr. Gibner, clearly his last name is derived from the verb “to perish.”
The plot of the comedy is also extremely funny. Officials, frightened by the news of the arrival of a secret auditor, mistake the petty official Khlestakov for an important shot. They curry favor with him, please him in every possible way, give him money. And this despite the fact that Khlestakov himself, almost until the end of the action, does not understand why he was given such honors.
Neither in his appearance nor in his behavior does he at all resemble a real auditor. Khlestakov, it seems, is behaving very stupidly, constantly blurting things out, betraying his true position: he is on friendly terms with the head of the department “himself”, they even wanted to make him a collegiate assessor; he lives on the fourth floor in an apartment building, where only petty officials lived. After dinner, intoxicated with wine and universal respect, Khlestakov begins to brag without restraint: he is closely acquainted with Pushkin himself; writes himself; famous works belong to his pen; The State Council is afraid of him, he will soon be promoted to field marshal... Any person could immediately “see through” Khlestakov; but the officials are so frightened that they take his outright lies at face value and do not suspect anything until the very end - until reading Khlestakov’s letter.
Why is this happening? Because each of the officials feels certain “sins” behind him. The characters in the comedy represent “a corporation of various official thieves and robbers,” as V. G. Belinsky wrote in one of his letters to Gogol.
The mayor, for example, shamelessly steals government money and robs the population. He imposed a kind of tribute on local merchants; receives offerings from them and only makes sure that everyone receives in accordance with their rank. "Look! You’re not taking it according to rank!” - he scolds the policeman, who, instead of the two arshins of cloth required “according to rank,” took much more from the merchant.
Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin openly admits that he takes bribes, but with greyhound puppies, and it doesn’t seem to count as bribes. And the Governor himself, when meeting with the “auditor” Khlestakov, first of all strives to give him a bribe and rejoices when he takes the money. We can say that this has already become the norm in the city. But it is not by chance that Gogol chooses this unremarkable county town for the action of his comedy; Thus, he seemed to emphasize that such morals are widespread throughout the state, and in this city, like a drop of water, all of Russia is reflected.
There were such mayors, judges, trustees, and postmasters in every small and great city of the Russian Empire; and therefore Gogol’s laughter is a bitter laughter: he was hurt and ashamed to see all this.
In The Inspector General, Gogol appears as an innovative playwright. He was the first to show Russian reality so authentically on stage. This is a realistic comedy, although it contains elements of a typical “comedy of manners” and “comedy of situations”.
But for the writer it was important not to make the viewer laugh, but to ridicule certain vices of society. It is no coincidence that the writer took as an epigraph to the play the proverb “There is no point in blaming the mirror if your face is crooked.” And the dramatic conflict in comedy is not love, as was usual, but social.
Gogol breaks the traditions of “classical” comedy and creates a new, realistic Russian comedy, which was developed in the works of Ostrovsky and Chekhov.
In October 1835, N.V. Gogol began creating his, perhaps, best comedy - the comedy “The Inspector General”. A little earlier, in a letter to A.S. Pushkin, Gogol asked to suggest some new plot, “a purely Russian joke,” promising that he would make it into a comedy that would be “funnier than the devil.” Pushkin shared one of his stories with Gogol - an anecdote about a passing ordinary official who was mistaken in the province for an important person. In December 1835, the comedy was completed, and the following year it was staged on the stage of the Alexandrinsky Theater in St. Petersburg. She enjoyed extraordinary success; Nicholas I himself watched it with great pleasure and noticed that “everyone got it” in the play, and most of all he.
What made the audience laugh? First of all - the characters of the comedy. Gogol showed incredibly funny and at the same time extremely reliable, recognizable types of people. What appears before us is not just individual officials of a certain provincial town, but entire collective images. Each of them is funny and typical in its own way.
Thus, mayor Anton Antonovich Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky is “already old in the service and a very intelligent man in his own way,” who has gone up the entire career ladder and knows all the rules, knows how to take bribes and deftly give them. Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin read “five or six books” and is therefore considered almost a freethinker and Jacobin. The trustee of charitable institutions, Zemlyanika, despite his thickness and external clumsiness, is a great “slick and rogue”; he is very helpful and fussy, loves to inform on his colleagues. Postmaster Shpekin is a “simple-minded person to the point of naivety,” who loves to read other people’s letters and even keeps the ones he likes as souvenirs and reads them aloud to his friends. The main character of the comedy, Khlestakov, is a young man of about twenty-three, somewhat stupid and “without a king in his head.” As we can see, all the characters in the comedy, without exception, are characterized by the author very sarcastically. Gogol widely uses the technique of “speaking” names. Just look at the names of local police officers: Ukhovertov, Derzhimorda, Svistunov. And Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin; and Dr. Gibner, clearly his last name is derived from the verb “to perish.”
The plot of the comedy is also extremely funny. Officials, frightened by the news of the arrival of a secret auditor, mistake the petty official Khlestakov for an important shot. They curry favor with him, please him in every possible way, give him money. And this despite the fact that Khlestakov himself, almost until the end of the action, does not understand why he was given such honors. Neither in his appearance nor in his behavior does he at all resemble a real auditor. Khlestakov, it seems, is behaving very stupidly, constantly blurting things out, betraying his true position: he is on friendly terms with the head of the department “himself”, they even wanted to make him a collegiate assessor; he lives on the fourth floor in an apartment building, where only petty officials lived. After dinner, intoxicated with wine and universal respect, Khlestakov begins to brag without restraint: he is closely acquainted with Pushkin himself; writes himself; famous works belong to his pen; The State Council is afraid of him, he will soon be promoted to field marshal... Any person could immediately “see through” Khlestakov; but the officials are so frightened that they take his outright lies at face value and do not suspect anything until the very end - until reading Khlestakov’s letter. Why is this happening? Because each of the officials feels certain “sins” behind him. The characters in the comedy represent “a corporation of various official thieves and robbers,” as V. G. Belinsky wrote in one of his letters to Gogol. The mayor, for example, shamelessly steals government money and robs the population. He imposed a kind of tribute on local merchants; receives offerings from them and only makes sure that everyone receives in accordance with their rank. "Look! You’re not taking it according to rank!” - he scolds the policeman, who, instead of the two arshins of cloth required “according to rank,” took much more from the merchant.
Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin openly admits that he takes bribes, but with greyhound puppies, and it doesn’t seem to count as bribes. And the Governor himself, when meeting with the “auditor” Khlestakov, first of all strives to give him a bribe and rejoices when he takes the money. We can say that this has already become the norm in the city. But it is not by chance that Gogol chooses this unremarkable county town for the action of his comedy; Thus, he seemed to emphasize that such morals are widespread throughout the state, and in this city, like a drop of water, all of Russia is reflected. There were such mayors, judges, trustees, and postmasters in every small and great city of the Russian Empire; and therefore Gogol’s laughter is a bitter laughter: he was hurt and ashamed to see all this.
In The Inspector General, Gogol appears as an innovative playwright. He was the first to show Russian reality so authentically on stage. This is a realistic comedy, although it contains elements of a typical “comedy of manners” and “comedy of situations”. But for the writer it was important not to make the viewer laugh, but to ridicule certain vices of society. It is no coincidence that the writer took as an epigraph to the play the proverb “There is no point in blaming the mirror if your face is crooked.” And the dramatic conflict in comedy is not love, as was usual, but social. Gogol breaks the traditions of “classical” comedy and creates a new, realistic Russian comedy, which was developed in the works of Ostrovsky and Chekhov.
"Inspector"
"Inspector". A little earlier, in a letter to A.S. Pushkin, Gogol asked to suggest some new plot, “a purely Russian joke,” promising that he would make it into a comedy that would be “funnier than the devil.” Pushkin shared one of his stories with Gogol - an anecdote about a passing ordinary official who was mistaken in the province for an important person. In December 1835, the comedy was completed, and the following year it was staged on the stage of the Alexandrinsky Theater in St. Petersburg. She enjoyed extraordinary success; Nicholas I himself watched it with great pleasure and noted that “everyone got it” in the play, and most of all he did.
What made the audience laugh? First of all - the characters of the comedy. Gogol showed incredibly funny and at the same time extremely reliable, recognizable types of people. What appears before us is not just individual officials of a certain provincial town, but entire collective images. Each of them is funny and typical in its own way.
“a man who has already grown old in the service and is very intelligent in his own way,” who has gone up the entire career ladder and knows all the rules, knows how to take bribes and deftly give them. Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin read “five or six books” and is therefore considered almost a freethinker and Jacobin. The trustee of charitable institutions, Zemlyanika, despite his thickness and external clumsiness, is a great “slicker and rogue”; he is very helpful and fussy, loves to inform on his colleagues. Postmaster Shpekin is a “simple-minded person to the point of naivety,” who loves to read other people’s letters and even keeps the ones he likes as souvenirs and reads them aloud to his friends. The main character of the comedy, Khlestakov, is a young man of about twenty-three, somewhat stupid and “without a king in his head.” As we can see, all the characters in the comedy, without exception, are characterized by the author very sarcastically. Gogol widely uses the technique of “speaking” names. Just look at the names of local police officers: Ukhovertov, Derzhimorda, Svistunov. And Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin; and Dr. Gibner, clearly his last name is derived from the verb “to perish.”
give him money. And this despite the fact that Khlestakov himself, almost until the end of the action, does not understand why he was given such honors. Neither in his appearance nor in his behavior does he at all resemble a real auditor. Khlestakov, it seems, behaves very stupidly, constantly blurts out his true position: he is on friendly terms with the head of the department “himself”, they even wanted to make him a collegiate assessor; he lives on the fourth floor in an apartment building, where only petty officials lived. After dinner, intoxicated with wine and universal respect, Khlestakov begins to brag without restraint: he is closely acquainted with Pushkin himself; writes himself; famous works belong to his pen; The State Council is afraid of him, he will soon be promoted to field marshal...
"get to the bottom of" Khlestakov; but the officials are so frightened that they take his outright lies at face value and do not suspect anything until the very end - until reading Khlestakov’s letter. Why is this happening? Because each of the officials feels certain “sins” behind him. The characters in the comedy represent “a corporation of various official thieves and robbers,” as V. G. Belinsky wrote in one of his letters to Gogol. The mayor, for example, shamelessly steals government money and robs the population. He imposed a kind of tribute on local merchants; receives offerings from them and only makes sure that everyone receives in accordance with their rank. "Look! You're not taking it according to your rank!" - he scolds the policeman, who, instead of the two arshins of cloth required by rank, took much more from the merchant.
The first thing the “auditor” Khlestakov does is to give him a bribe and is happy when he takes the money. We can say that this has already become the norm in the city. But it is not by chance that Gogol chooses this unremarkable county town for the action of his comedy; Thus, he seemed to emphasize that such morals are widespread throughout the state, and in this city, like a drop of water, all of Russia is reflected. There were such mayors, judges, trustees, and postmasters in every small and great city of the Russian Empire; and therefore Gogol’s laughter is a bitter laughter: he was hurt and ashamed to see all this.
"The Inspector General" Gogol appears as an innovative playwright. He was the first to show Russian reality so authentically on stage. This is a realistic comedy, although it contains elements of a typical “comedy of manners” and “comedy of situations”. But for the writer it was important not to make the viewer laugh, but to ridicule certain vices of society. It is no coincidence that the writer took as the epigraph to the play the proverb “There is no point in blaming the mirror if your face is crooked.” And the dramatic conflict in comedy is not love, as was usual, but social. Gogol breaks the traditions of “classical” comedy and creates a new, realistic Russian comedy, which was developed in the works of Ostrovsky and Chekhov.
Lesson topic: “Comedy"Inspector": Russian bureaucracy in the satirical depiction of N.V. Gogol"
Lesson epigraphs:
“The Inspector General is a whole sea of fear.”
Yu. Mann
Khlestakov plays the main role in the action.
All the other faces revolve around him,
like planets near the sun.
Y. Mann.
Goals:
- Educational : work on the artistic features of the play; fear of the auditor as the basis of comedic action.
- Developmental: development of analytical skills of students.
- Educating: formation of positive moral orientations.
Methodical techniques: reading individual episodes of a comedy, analytical conversation, presentation, analysis of artists’ drawings for the play, literary dictation.
Equipment: presentation “The Inspector General”, drawings for the comedy, a plate with Khlestakov’s characteristics.
During the classes:
Org moment.
Teacher:
Which are we studying his work?
Read the 1st epigraph to the lesson. slide
How do you understand the words of modern literary critic Yuri Mann?(the sea of fear is the fear of punishment, loss of position)
Read the 2nd epigraph to the lesson. Who are these planets?(officials) During the lesson we will analyze the meaning of this epigraph, we will refer to these statements and not only these. (Hence our topic of the lesson: write it down and the epigraphs)
1. Checking homework(knowledge of the text). Test. Slide . Presentation demonstration with questions:
- Determine what type of literature the comedy “The Inspector General” belongs to.
(drama, because the characters are characterized only by speech);
- compare the characters and their characteristics: slide
Answers: slide
- 1. 1
- 2. 6
- 3. 4
- 4. 2
- 5. 7
- 6. 3
- 7. 5
Literary dictation: slide
1. “I seemed to have a presentiment: today I dreamed all night about two unusual rats. Really, I’ve never seen anything like this: black, of unnatural size! They came, they smelled it, and they left.”(Gorodnichy, Anton Antonovich)
2. “...I’m so hungry and there’s a chattering in my stomach as if a whole regiment had blown its trumpets. We won’t get there, and that’s all, home! ... he squandered his expensive money, my dear, now he’s sitting there with his tail twisted...”(Osip)
3. “Why not? I saw it myself, walking past the kitchen, there was a lot of cooking going on there. And in the dining room this morning, two short men were eating salmon and a lot of other things.”(Khlestakov)
4. “Fi, mama, blue!” I don’t like it at all: Lyapkina-Tyapkina wears this, and Zemlyanikin’s daughter also wears blue. No, I’d rather wear a colored one.” (The mayor's daughter, Marya Antonovna)
5. (entering and stopping, to himself). “God, God! Bring it out safely; and so he breaks his knees. (Aloud, stretched out and holding the sword with his hand.) I have the honor to introduce myself: a judge of the local district court, a collegiate assessor...” (Ammos Fedorovich Lyapkin-Tyapkin, judge)
6. “It may very well be. (After a pause.) I can say that I do not regret anything and perform my service zealously. (Moves closer with his chair and speaks in a low voice.) The local postmaster does nothing at all: everything is in great disrepair, parcels are delayed... The judge, too... keeps dogs in public places and behaves... in the most reprehensible way.” (Artemy Filippovich Strawberry, trustee of charitable institutions)
7. “(hits himself on the forehead). How am I - no, how am I, old fool? Survived, you stupid sheep, out of your mind!.. I’ve been living in the service for thirty years... I’ve deceived swindlers after swindlers... I’ve deceived three governors!...”(Governor)
8. “Of course. They came running like crazy from the tavern: “He’s here, he’s here and he’s not paying any money... We found an important bird!” (Luka Lukich Khlopov, superintendent of schools)
9. “An official who arrived by personal order from St. Petersburg demands you to come to him this very hour. He was staying at a hotel."(Gendarme)
Check yourself. Slide.
2 . Analysis of act 4 of the comedy: (Address to the 2nd epigraph)
“Khlestakov plays the main role in the action. All other faces revolve around him, like planets around the sun.”
Y. Mann.
What are the planets that revolve around the sun?(planets are officials who revolve around the sun - Khlestakov, for them Khlestakov is the sun on which their well-being depends)
Let's look at the names of the heroes: their surnames speak for themselves.
Anton Antonovich Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky - mayor. | What is the first part of the surname “Skvoznik” associated with? |
Luka Lukich Khlopov | |
Ammos Fedorovich Lyapkin-Tyapkin | Judge. The surname reveals the principle of his attitude to official affairs “a clumsy mess” and the job is done, as well as his mental clumsiness, incongruity, clumsiness, and tongue-tiedness of speech. |
Artemy Filippovich Strawberry | Trustee of charitable institutions. A cautious, cunning man. |
Ivan Kuzmich Shpekin | Postmaster. The surname is derived from the word “spy” - he constantly spies, reading other people’s letters, unceremonious in his simplicity. |
Petr Ivanovich Bobchinsky | Urban. Only one letter in the surname has been replaced, they are similar in everything, curious, talkative. |
Ivan Alekseevich Khlestakov | “Whip”, “whip”, “whip - hit, hit with something, flexible rod” |
Christian Ivanovich Gibner | District doctor. The surname is associated with the word “perish.” |
Stepan Ilyich Ukhovertov | Private bailiff. The surname is formed by adding two stems “twirl your ear.” |
Svistunov | Policemen. The names themselves speak about the actions of these law enforcement officers. |
Let us now turn to Khlestakov, whom Mann compares to the sun: (Appearance V p. 47, 2nd act) How does this monologue hate Khlestakov?
Let's move on to the analysis of Act 4 and analyze the scenes where officials gather in the mayor's house. (Page 162 of the textbook) Slide
With what intentions did they gather at the mayor’s house the next day? (They seek the best form of presentation to the “auditor” and strive to find the best way to bribe the distinguished guest)
Vocabulary work. slide
Give a lexical interpretation of the word"bribe".
(A bribe is money or material assets given to an official as a bribe, as payment for actions punishable by law.)
Why do you think Gogol does not use the word “bribe” anywhere, but replaced it with the vernacular?“slip ”, this is what officials say to themselves, but out loud “to lend money”? (to say “bribe” is to admit that you are guilty of doing something wrong or not doing it at all. And of course they don’t even admit it to themselves..) For example, remember the postmaster: he read the letter, talks about it out loud, but does not consider it a crime ... "
What details indicate that bribes are commonplace?
(They talk about how bribes are given and how they are taken)
Who is the first to offer to “slip”? (Judge) The purpose of these bribes?
(Protect, protect your department from audits)
Phenomenon 3.p. 163 textbook (reading and analysis)
Read the words of Ammos Fedorovich “to the side.”(“And the money is in your fist, and your fist is all on fire”, “like hot coals under you”, “now I’m on trial”, “Well, it’s all over - gone! gone!”)
How does a judge feel when giving a bribe? ( Fear )
How does he give a bribe?
Who else gives bribes?(All)
How do they do it? (they enter and address Khlestakov solemnly, worried: Luka Lukich is lighting a cigarette from the wrong end)
It adds comedy pathos
Vocabulary work. Slide.
Here the comedy turns into tragedy, that is, the pathos of the comedy changes. Give a lexical interpretation of the word “pathos”.
PATHOS . (Inspiration, excitement, enthusiasm)
Write the new word in your notebook and remember its meaning.
Does Khlestakov understand why they give him money? ( No )
How do Dobchinsky and Bobchinsky behave with Khlestakov? (They give him little money, they are not afraid of him, like others, but one of them - Dobchinsky - has business with Khlestakov)
Let's turn again to epigraph 2.
Now it becomes clearer to you how the planets are - officials revolve around Khlestakov. What can you say about the officials?
Let's write the conclusion in a notebook (slide): “Confusion, fear, and trepidation are common to all officials; each of them gives a bribe in their own way, which is reflected in their speech, actions and remarks.”
Phenomenon 12-14. Page 168-171 textbook
- Is there a love plot in a comedy? ( No ). Why do you think so? (because Khlestakov’s main weaknesses are money, women and lies. He cannot deny himself all this if there is even the slightest opportunity).
Love is a high feeling, but here it is not. HE fell in love with someone? ( No . Khlestakov feels confident when communicating with ladies._
And his explanation with mother and daughter isparody of a love affair.
Slide. Notebook: " There is no love plot in a comedy, and there is a parody of a love affair.)
How do officials find out that Khlestakov is not an auditor?? Page 177 textbook
Why don't they want to catch up with him? (They are afraid that others will find out about this and they will become a laughing stock)
Conclusion based on the image of Khlestakov:
- Are Khlestakov better or worse than officials?(same as them)
3. Drawings for “The Inspector General” and their analysis: Slide.
Give a brief description and analysis of what is depicted.
(If you have time: which episode did you like? Why? (The meaning of the silent scene and reading by role of the episodes chosen by the children)
4. Summing up
Look at the epigraphs for the lesson. The expression “sea of fear” is what you think.....(fear of punishment, loss of position).
"...like planets around the sun..."(Khlestakov for them is the sun on which their well-being depends)
What do you think the “new” auditor will be like for them? Are you sure that an honest auditor has arrived? And what happens next? (Perhaps what happened, and will have to pay bribes again. Or he won’t take them and then they will lose their places). Both are scary for officials.
Is comedy outdated?
Are the questions that worried Gogol 200 years ago still relevant?
Why is bribery dangerous? (Bribery is considered one of the most dangerous and at the same time one of the most widespread manifestations of corruption. Bribery is the most typical manifestation of corruption - the most dangerous criminal phenomenon that undermines the foundations of state power and governance)
5. Grades for work in class:
(give everyone grades, mark everyone’s work)
6. Homework: Slide. 1. Determine what is the skill of N.V. Gogol the comedian.
2. Prepare an expressive reading of any comedy scenes.
Comedy “The Inspector General”: Russian bureaucracy in the satirical portrayal of N.V. Gogol” Khabibullina Ilsoyar Ilgizovna Teacher of Russian language and literature, I qualification category, MBOU “Novokurmashevskaya secondary school”, Aktanysh municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan
“The Inspector General is a whole sea of fear.” Y. Mann “Khlestakov plays the main role in the action. All other faces revolve around him, like planets around the sun.” Yu. Mann Lesson topic: Comedy “The Inspector General”: Russian bureaucracy in the satirical portrayal of N.V. Gogol
Determine what type of literature the comedy “The Inspector General” belongs to * Drama * Epic * Lyrics Drama
Compare the characters and their characteristic characteristics: 1. Mayor 1. “not a stupid person in his own way” 2. Mayor’s wife 2. “smarter than his master” 3. Khlestakov 3. “very helpful and fussy” 4. Osip 4. “young man , somewhat stupid "5. Lyapkin-Tyapkin 5. "simple-minded to the point of naivety" 6. Strawberry 6. "provincial coquette" 7. Postmaster 7. "... having read 5-6 books"
Test yourself 1. Mayor 1. “not a stupid person in his own way” 2. Mayor’s wife 6. “provincial coquette” 3. Khlestakov 4. “young man, somewhat stupid” 4. Osip 2. “smarter than his master” 5. Lyapkin- Tyapkin 7. “... read 5-6 books” 6. Strawberry 3. “very helpful and fussy” 7. Postmaster 5. “simple-minded to the point of naivety”
1. “It was as if I had a presentiment: today I dreamed all night about two extraordinary rats. Really, I’ve never seen anything like this: black, of unnatural size! They came, they smelled it, and they left.”
2. “...I’m so hungry and there’s a chattering in my stomach as if a whole regiment had blown its trumpets. We won’t get there, and that’s all, home!... I squandered my expensive money, my dear, now he’s sitting there with his tail twisted...”
3. “Why not? I saw it myself, walking past the kitchen, there was a lot of cooking going on there. And in the dining room this morning, two short men were eating salmon and a lot of other things.”
4. “Fi, mama, blue!” I don’t like it at all: Lyapkina-Tyapkina wears this, and Zemlyanikin’s daughter also wears blue. No, I’d rather wear a colored one.”
5. (entering and stopping, to himself). “God, God! Bring it out safely; and so he breaks his knees. (Aloud, stretched out and holding the sword with his hand.) I have the honor to introduce myself: a judge of the local district court, a collegiate assessor...”
6. “It may very well be. (After a pause.) I can say that I do not regret anything and perform my service zealously. (Moves closer with his chair and speaks in a low voice.) The local postmaster does absolutely nothing: everything is in great disrepair, parcels are delayed... The judge also... keeps dogs in public places and behaves... in the most reprehensible way.”
7. “(hits himself on the forehead). How am I - no, how am I, old fool? Survived, you stupid ram out of your mind!... I’ve been living in the service for thirty years... I deceived swindlers upon swindlers... I deceived three governors!..."
8. “Of course. They came running like crazy from the tavern: “He’s here, he’s here and he doesn’t spend any money... We found an important bird!”
9. “An official who arrived by personal order from St. Petersburg demands you to come to him this very hour. He was staying at a hotel."
9. Gendarme 8. Luka Lukich Khlopov, superintendent of schools 7. Gorodnichy, Anton Antonovich 6. Artemy Filippovich Strawberry, trustee of charitable institutions 5. Ammos Fedorovich Lyapkin-Tyapkin, judge 4. Mayor's daughter, Marya Antonovna 3. Khlestakov 2. Osip 1. Gorodnichy, Anton Antonovich
Vocabulary work Bribe - money or material assets given to an official as a bribe, as payment for actions punishable by law
Vocabulary work Pathos - inspiration, enthusiasm, enthusiasm
Confusion, fear, and trepidation are common to all officials; each of them gives a bribe in their own way, which is reflected in their speech, actions and remarks. Conclusion
In your notebook: There is no love plot in a comedy, but a parody of a love affair
Provincial town Khlestakov's letter Officials discussing Khlestakov's letter
Celebration of the Mayor. Conversation with merchants Declaration of love
Khlestakov and Strawberry The Collapse of Gorodnichy
Silent scene
1. Determine what is the skill of N.V. Gogol the comedian. 2. Prepare an expressive reading of any comedy scenes. Homework
A satirical depiction of officials in Gogol's comedy "The Inspector General"
Gogol's comedy "The Inspector General" is one of the most striking dramatic works of Russian literature of the 10th/10th century. The author continued the traditions of Russian satirical drama, the foundations of which were laid in the famous comedies of Fonvizin “The Minor” and Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”. The comedy is a deeply realistic work showing the world of small and medium-sized provincial officials in Russia in the second quarter of the nineteenth century.
When describing this world N.V. Gogol made extensive use of the literary techniques at his disposal, allowing him to most fully characterize his characters, doing it in an entertaining and easily accessible form for the viewer and reader.
Having opened the very first page of the comedy and learned that, for example, the name of the private bailiff is Ukhovertov, and the name of the district doctor is Gibner, we get, in general, a fairly complete idea of these characters and the author’s attitude towards them. In addition, Gogol gave critical characteristics of each of the main characters. These characteristics help to better understand the essence of each character. Mayor: “Although he is a bribe-taker, he behaves very respectably,” Anna Andreevna: “Raised half on novels and albums, half on the chores in her pantry and maid’s room,” Khlestakov: “Without a king in her head. She speaks and acts without any consideration.” , Osip: “A servant, such as servants of several older years usually are,” Lyapkin-Tyapkin: “A man who has read five or six books, and therefore is somewhat freethinking.” Postmaster: “A man who is simple-minded to the point of naivety.”
Speech portraits are also given in Khlestakov’s letters to St. Petersburg to his friend Tryapichkin. For example, Strawberry, as Khlestakov puts it, is “a perfect pig in a yarmulke.”
These portraits are revealed more fully in the speech characteristics of the characters. A respectable mayor and the conversation is respectable and measured: “right”, “so this is the circumstance”, “that’s enough, that’s enough for you!” The provincial coquette Anna Andreevna is fussy and uncontrolled; Her speech is abrupt and expressive: “Who is this? This, however, is annoying! Who could it be?” Khlestakov, by the way, is somewhat similar in his manner of speaking to Anna Andreevna: the same abundance of exclamations, chaotic, abrupt speech: “I, brother, am not of that kind! I advise you with me...”; the same panache: “And your eyes are better than important things...”.
The main literary device. which N.V. uses Gogol's comic portrayal of an official is hyperbole. As an example of the use of this technique, the author can name Christian Ivanovich Gibner, who is not even able to communicate with his patients due to complete ignorance of the Russian language, and Ammos Fedorovich and the postmaster, who decided that the arrival of the auditor foreshadows the coming war. At first, the plot of the comedy itself is hyperbolic, but as the plot action develops, starting with the scene of Khlestakov’s story about his life in St. Petersburg, the hyperbole gives way to the grotesque. Blinded by fear for their future, officials clutch at Khlestakov like a straw, the city merchants and ordinary people are unable to appreciate the absurdity of what is happening, and absurdities are piled on top of each other: here is the non-commissioned officer who “flogged herself”, and Bobchinsky , asking that His Imperial Majesty be informed that “Peter Ivanovich Bobchinsky lives in such and such a city,” and much more.
The climax and the denouement that immediately follows it come sharply and cruelly. Khlestakov’s letter gives such a simple and even banal explanation that at this moment it looks for Gorodnichy, for example, much more implausible than all Khlestakov’s fantasies. A few words should be said about the image of the Mayor. Apparently, he will have to pay for the sins of his circle as a whole. Of course, he himself is not an angel, but the blow is so strong that the Governor has something like an epiphany: “I don’t see anything: I see some pig snouts instead of faces, but nothing else...” “Why are you laughing? You’re laughing at yourself! ..” - he throws it in the faces of the officials and into the hall. Endowing the Governor with sarcasm. Gogol makes him more humane and thereby elevates him above the other characters in the comedy.
A silent scene: the inhabitants of a provincial town stand as if struck by thunder, mired in bribes, drunkenness, and gossip. But here comes a cleansing thunderstorm that will wash away the dirt, punish vice and reward virtue. In this scene, Gogol reflected his faith in the justice of the higher authorities, thereby castigating, as Nekrasov put it, “little thieves for the pleasure of big ones.” It must be said that the pathos of the silent scene does not fit with the general spirit of the brilliant comedy.
The comedy "The Inspector General" immediately became one of the most popular dramatic works of that time and was a harbinger of Ostrovsky's dramatic works. Tsar Nicholas 1 said about her this way: “Everyone here got it, and I got it more than anyone else.”
Bibliography
To prepare this work, materials were used from the site http://biographo.narod.ru/