Correct answers are marked with a “+” sign.
To the left of the wording of the question is the difficulty of the test task indicated by the authors:
P - simple (a priori - 3 points on a 10-point scale);
C - complex (5 points);
PS - increased complexity (7 points).
Topic 1. The essence and functions of finance
C 1. Why can finance be considered a historical category?
1.They arose at a certain stage of development of society;
2.They arose with the advent of the state; +
3.They arose under the influence of two factors: commodity-money relations and the distribution process; +
4.They are determined by the social division of labor and the division of society into social groups;
in the process of generating financial resources; +
in the process of producing GDP and ND;
in the process of distribution and redistribution of GDP and income;
in the process of exchanging GDP and ND;
in the process of forming funds of funds.
C 4. Indicate the main difference between finance and money?
finances are smaller in volume than money;
Finance historically appeared later than money;
finance performs two functions, money - 5 functions
Finance is an instrument for the distribution and redistribution of GDP and income, and money is the universal equivalent. +
P5. Finance functions include:
distribution of GDP and income and formation of monetary funds;
GDP and ND distribution and control; +
means of storage and means of payment;
GDP and NL distribution and regulation;
C6. What monetary relations are considered financial?
sale of goods in stores;
obtaining a bank loan;
the relationship between individual links of the budget system; +
payment of utilities by the population.
P7. What are the financial resources of society?
enterprise funds;
cash income and funds of organizations, the state and households; +
state revenues
household income
PS 8. Select an element of decentralized financial resources:
1.Profit; +
2. Government borrowings;
3. State revenues;
PS 9. Select an element of centralized financial resources:
1.Taxes; +
2. Depreciation funds of commercial enterprises;
3. Cash income of individuals;
4. Interest on securities issued by enterprises;
P 10. Select a trait that characterizes finances:
1. Finance involves the export of capital;
C 11. What income is created during distribution relations?
primary and secondary; +
material aid;
household income;
reserves of enterprises and the state.
C12. What is a financial mechanism?
set of economic relations;
a set of forms of organizations of financial relations and methods of formation and use of financial resources; +
funds of organizations;
process of managing cash flow in production.
Topic 2. Financial system
P 1. What is the financial system?
A. The set of spheres and links of financial relations. +
B. The totality of taxes;
B. The totality of cash income.
D. The set of financial control bodies.
D. Total cash expenses
P 2. What areas of financial relations does the financial system include?
A. Decentralized and centralized; +
B. Control and distribution;
B. Distributive and redistributive;
D. Enterprise profits and household finances;
D. Centralized and insurance funds.
P 3. Indicate the links of the financial system (choose one complete answer):
A. Enterprise finance;
B. Organizational finances, household finances, budget system; +
B. Extra-budgetary funds;
D. Budgets of various levels;
C 4. The basis of the financial system of the Russian Federation is:
A. Federal budget;
B. Budget system;
B. Budgetary system and extra-budgetary funds;
D. Finances of organizations and finances of households; +
C 5. The current budget system of the Russian Federation covers:
A. Federal budget, regional budgets;
B. Federal budget, regional budgets, local budgets;
B. Federal budget, regional budgets, local budgets, extra-budgetary funds; +
D. Federal budget, extra-budgetary funds;
D. Federal budget, local budgets.
P 6. The consolidated budget includes:
A. Territorial budgets;
B. Local budgets;
B. Federal target budget funds;
D. Federal budget and consolidated budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; +
D. Territorial target budget funds.
P 7. Indicate the current off-budget trust fund
A. Pension fund; +
B. State Employment Fund;
B. Federal Road Fund;
G. Federal Environmental Fund;
PS 8. What is the main reason for the improvement in the financial situation of the Russian Federation at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries?
A. Increase in energy prices; +
B. GDP and income growth; +
B. Depreciation of wages as a result of inflation;
D. Tax reform.
P 9. How many links are there in the budget system of a unitary state?
G. Four.
P 10. How many links are there in the budget system of the federal state?
G. Four.
Topic 3. Budget, budget device and budget system
P 1. What functions does the state budget perform?
A. redistribution of national income. +
B. warning function
B. statistical function
D. observational function
C 2. What expenses predominate in the Federal budget of the Russian Federation (check two positions)?
A. environmental protection costs
B. expenses on culture, art, media
B. financial assistance to budgets of other levels +
D. national defense spending +
P 3. Do the budgets of countries with developed market economies provide for the costs of repaying and servicing public debt?
A. yes, provided +
B. no, not provided
PS 4. To which budget are taxes assigned that provide the largest revenues to the budget system?
for the federal budget +
for the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation
for local budgets
PS 5. Is the definition of the non-tax minimum used in foreign practice when assessing income tax?
A. yes, it is used +
B. no, not used
P 6. Do customs duties contribute to the revenues of the federal budget of the Russian Federation?
P 7. What is the leading link in the budget system of the Russian Federation?
A. federal budget +
B. regional budgets
B. local budgets
D. off-budget funds
C 8. What type of expenses predominates in the expenses of the federal budget of the Russian Federation?
A. for current consumption +
B. Investments in fixed assets
B. costs associated with space research
D. expenses related to government administration
C 9. From what source is the activity of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation financed?
A. from the federal budget of the Russian Federation +
B. from regional budgets
B. from local budgets
C 10. Which types of expenses from the following predominate in the expenses of the federal budget of the Russian Federation?
A. repayment and servicing of public debt +
B. science and basic research
B. fishing
G. agriculture
PS 11. Which of the following statements is true?
A. budget expenses are only repayable
B. budget expenses are only irrevocable
B. budget expenses can be either repayable or irrevocable +
P 12. What revenues predominate in federal budget revenues?
A. loans from international financial and credit organizations
B. tax revenues +
B. loans from the population
D. non-tax revenues
P 13. What is included in non-tax revenues of the federal budget of the Russian Federation?
A. income from municipally owned property
B. State duties
B. income from foreign economic activity of the Russian Federation +
D. income from the sale of federally owned property
C 14. What document regulates the size of the federal budget deficit?
A. Tax Code
B. Budget Code +
B. Customs Code
PS 15. Internal methods of financing the budget deficit include
A. placement of securities on the foreign market
B. issue of government securities in national currency
B. issue of government securities in national currency +
D. loans from the Paris Club of Creditors
P 16. What methods of financing the budget deficit are external?
A. issuing money
B. loans from international financial and credit institutions +
B. income from the privatization of state property
D. issue of government securities in national currency
PS 17. A budget device is:
A. structure of the budget system
B. the totality of budgets operating on the territory of the country
D. a set of legal norms that define the budget process and the construction of the budget system +
P 18. The budget system is:
B. the totality of budgets operating on the territory of the country +
B. activities of authorities in drafting, reviewing, approving and executing the budget
D. a set of legal norms that define the budget process
PS 19. What does the budget system of unitary states include?
A. state (federal) budget
B. state budget, budgets of federation members, local budgets
B. state (central) budget and local budgets +
P 20. What does the budget system of federal states include?
A. State (federal) budget
B. federal budget, budgets of members of the federation, local budgets +
B. state (federal) budget and local budgets
D. budgets of federation members and local budgets
PS 21. What are the principles of the budget device?
A. unity, completeness, stimulation, publicity
B. control, unity, reality, balance
B. unity, independence, openness, balance +
D. unity, stability, independence, completeness
P 22. The budget system of the Russian Federation consists of:
A. Level 1
B. 2 levels
V. 3 levels +
G. 4 levels
PS 23. Which of the following statements is true:
A. budgets of municipalities include their incomes and expenses in regional budgets
B. the budgets of the constituent entities of the federation include their income and expenses in the federal budget
B. budgets of municipalities include their incomes and expenses in the federal budget
D. territorial budgets do not include their incomes and expenses in the federal budget +
PS 25. statement that income and expenses of lower budgets do not include higher budgets:
true only for unitary states
true only for federal states
true for both federal and unitary states +
not true for states with any government system
C 26. What is a consolidated budget?
A. set of the federal budget and consolidated budgets of the members of the federation +
B. set of local budgets
B. federal budget
D. set of regional budgets
C 27. Consolidated budget:
A. approved by the legislature
B. compiled only at the federal level
V. is considered by the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation
G. not approved by the legislature +
C 28. Which fund plays an important role in regulating interbudgetary relations?
A. regional financial support fund +
B. International Monetary Fund
B. Federal Fund for Support of Small Businesses
D. Road fund
C 29. Funds intended to equalize budgetary security come to territorial budgets from:
A. federal budget
B. fund for financial support of constituent entities of the Russian Federation +
B. international financial and credit institutions
D. charitable organizations
C 30. Funds transferred from higher budgets to lower budgets to finance strictly targeted activities are:
A. bank loans
B. tax deductions
B. subventions +
D. funds from the Stabilization Fund
C 31. Funds transferred from higher budgets to lower budgets, in the event of a deficit of the latter, are:
A. subsidies +
B.subsidies
B. subventions
From 32. fixed revenues of territorial budgets include:
income that went entirely to the corresponding budget
funds transferred from a higher budget to a lower one to finance a targeted event +
funds transferred on credit basis
funds transferred from a higher budget to a lower one to cover the deficit.
Since 33. the federal fund for financial support of regions is formed through:
credit and attracted financial resources
due to tax revenues received by regional budgets
due to tax revenues received by the federal budget +
due to tax revenues going to local budgets
PS 34. The principle of independence of the budget structure presupposes:
A. assigning grouping codes of budget classification to the income and expenses of territorial budgets unique to them
B. the presence of own sources of income for budgets of different levels and independent determination of directions for their use +
B. complete financial independence of lower budgets from higher ones
D. differentiation of income and expenses between levels of the budget system
C 35. The unified budget classification is used in the preparation, approval and execution of:
A. only the federal budget
B. regional budgets only
V. budgets of all levels +
D. only local budgets
P 36. Mandatory publication in the media is subject to:
A. only the federal budget
B. regional budgets only
B. only local budgets
D. budgets of all levels +
P 37. From what budget are national defense expenditures made?
A. from all budgets
B. from regional budgets
B. from local budgets
G. from the federal budget +
Topic 4. Budget revenues
C 1. Federal budget revenues are part of:
A. centralized finance +
B. decentralized finance
B. territorial budgets
C 2. What is the main material source of budget income?
A. national income +
B. accumulations of economic entities
B. population accumulation
D. loans and borrowings
C3. Which of the following budget revenues are non-tax revenues?
state duties
customs duties +
3.payments for the use of natural resources
income from leasing state property
C 4. Do regional authorities have the right to introduce taxes and fees not provided for by tax legislation in order to finance the budget deficit?
A. yes, they do in all cases
B. yes, they do in some cases
V. do not have +
D. yes, they have it with the permission of higher executive authorities
P 5. What revenues predominate in the revenues of the federal budget of the Russian Federation?
A. loans from the population
B. non-tax revenues
B. tax revenues +
D. loans from international financial organizations
C6. The main sources of federal budget revenue are:
credit loans
VAT, income tax and personal income tax +
sales tax, land tax, personal property tax
state and customs duties
PS 7. Revenues from which taxes predominate in federal budget revenues?
A. straight
B. indirect +
B. personal income tax
G. state duties
PS 8. territorial taxes and fees are put into effect:
By decree of the President of the Russian Federation
Tax Code of the Russian Federation
legislative acts of territorial authorities in accordance with the Tax Code +
Constitution of the Russian Federation
PS 10. Specific rates of regional taxes and fees are established:
A. federal laws
B. regional legislative acts +
B. local legislation
D. Budget Code
P 11. Local taxes and fees are required to be paid:
A. throughout the Russian Federation
B. on the territory of the relevant municipalities +
B. on the territory of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation
PS 12. Where do federal taxes and fees go?
A. only to the federal budget
B. only to territorial budgets
B. only to targeted budget funds
G. to budgets of different levels +
P 13. Which of the following taxes are direct?
A. income tax, personal income tax +
B. excise taxes
D. another answer
P 15. Tax revenues are regulated by:
A. Law “On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation”
B. Tax Code of the Russian Federation +
B. Law “On the Securities Market”
D. Civil Code
P 16. define the tax system as
the totality of all existing taxes, as well as principles, forms and methods of collection +
set of budgets operating in the country
set of credit institutions
PS 17. Is the tax system of the Russian Federation generally consistent with the world practice of foreign countries:
A. yes, it corresponds +
B. no, does not correspond
P 18. Currently, taxation in the Russian Federation is regulated by:
Tax Code of the Russian Federation +
Budget Code
Law “On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation”
Topic 5. Budget expenses
C 1. What expenses are considered budgetary?
expenses for the reproduction of fixed capital
expenses ensuring the performance of state functions +
expenses of legal entities and individuals
expenses for urgent needs of legal entities
C 2.What applies to current budget expenditures?
1) +
2) financing of capital repairs
3) capital construction costs
purchase of medical equipment
PS 3. The method of providing budget funds is:
defense funding
budget financing, budget credits and loans +
bank lending
PS 4. What budget expenses are classified as targeted?
remuneration of civil servants
purchase of raw materials
financing of capital investments +
federal taxes
PS 5. Which organizations are granted budget loans only on 100% terms? security?
government organizations
savings bank
private organizations +
municipal organizations
P 6. What is the purpose of budget expenditures?
covering any costs associated with production
financing the needs of legal entities and individuals
ensuring functions performed by the state +
formation of state funds
C 7. What applies to capital expenditures?
remuneration of civil servants
increase in government reserves +
purchasing textbooks
expenditure on repayment of public debt
C 7. Which classification of the federal budget does the “national economy” section belong to?
economic
departmental
3) functional +
reproductive
C 8. What principle is typical for organizing budget financing?
financial incentives
targeted use of funds +
security
urgency
PS 9. Determine which of the following is a form of budget financing
payment of benefits
subventions and subsidies to organizations +
capital investment financing
purchasing medicines
P 10. What are the principles for providing budget loans?
paid +
irrevocability
self-sufficiency
material interest
Topic 6. State credit
P 1. Which body is a mandatory participant in the state loan?
Individuals
Legal entities
State +
International institutions
C 2. Who can the state act when entering into credit relations?
Seller
Underwriter
Buyer
Borrower +
Professional participant in the securities market
C 3. What state activities predominate in the credit market?
Lender
Underwriter
Borrower +
Professional participant in the securities market
PS 4. Why does the government use government loans?
To replenish budget revenues
To finance the budget deficit +
To reduce the tax burden in the state
To ensure employment of professional stock market participants
Regulation of the activities of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
P 5. What functions does state credit perform?
Distribution +
Formation of budget revenues
Incentive
PS 6. Specify the public debt management body?
The Federal Tax Service
Tax authorities
Government +
Customs
P 7. Specify the form of debt obligations of the Russian Federation?
Sale of state property
Government securities issued on behalf of the Russian Federation +
Budget loans to legal entities
PS 8. What is the main feature of the difference between internal government loans of the Russian Federation and external ones?
Creditors
Loan currency +
Placement
Profitability
Investors
C 9. In what way are borrowed funds of the Russian Federation predominantly mobilized in the domestic market at the present time?
Placement of shares
Placement of debt securities +
Obtaining loans from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Receiving tax credits
PS 10. Select short-term securities from the following?
Eurobonds
PS 11. Select from the following government securities that have coupons?
PS 12. Establish a correspondence between a security and the date of its initial issue?
|
Eurobonds |
PS 13. Establish a correspondence between a security and the area of government credit to which it belongs?
C 14. What problems can the government securities market solve?
Financing the budget deficit +
Placement of free funds of legal entities and individuals
Attracting investment in industry
C 16. Which of the following funds can be provided from the budget on a repayable basis?
Budget loans +
Subsidies
Subventions
C 17. Which of the funds mentioned below can be provided from the budget only on a repayable and reimbursable basis?
budget loans +
budget loans
subsidies
subventions
PS 19. Which structure is developing the program of government internal borrowing?
The president
Federal Assembly
Vnesheconombank
PS 20. Which structure is developing the program of government external borrowings?
The president
Vnesheconombank
Savings bank
PS 21. Which body regulates the federal securities market?
Government
Federal Assembly +
Accounts Chamber
C 23. Which clubs is the Russian Federation a member of as a creditor state?
Parisian +
London +
Tokyo
Topic 7. Extra-budgetary special funds
PS 1. Select the characteristics corresponding to extra-budgetary funds:
A. Include their income and expenses in the budgets of central, regional or local territorial entities
B. Formed from targeted income or through targeted deductions from specific types of income and other income
B. They have a specific purpose +
D. Formed from customs duties
C 2. Select the sources of formation of extra-budgetary funds in the Russian Federation?
A. Mandatory deductions for legal entities and individuals +
B. Loans from the International Monetary Fund
B. Deductions from income tax
D. Customs payments
C 3. In which of the following years were there no extra-budgetary funds in the Russian Federation?
C 4. Select the functions that extra-budgetary funds perform?
A. Distribution +
B. Statistical
B. Creation of credit instruments of circulation
D. Accounting
C 5. To what system does the Budget Code classify extra-budgetary funds?
A. To the budget +
B. To the distribution
B. To credit
G. Towards money
PS 6. From what sources are state social extra-budgetary funds formed?
PS 7. Establish a correspondence between the extra-budgetary fund and the direction of its funds.
P 9. Which fund represents the system of federal extra-budgetary social funds?
A. Employment Fund
B. Pension Fund of the Russian Federation +
B. Federal Fund for Support of Subjects of the Russian Federation
D. Road fund
D. compulsory health insurance background
PS 12. Which federal extra-budgetary fund has ceased to exist since 2001?
A. Federal Road Fund
B. Employment Fund +
B. Bonus fund for employees of the Ministry of Taxes and Taxation
D. Conversion Fund
D. Environmental Protection Fund
From 13 who drafted the budget of extra-budgetary funds
Ministry of Economic Development and Trade
Government
Accounts Chamber
Management bodies of these funds +
C 13. Who submits the draft budgets of state extra-budgetary funds for consideration by legislative bodies?
A. Ministry of Finance
V. Government +
G. Accounts Chamber
D. Management bodies of these funds +
PS 14. Which body prepares a report on the execution of the budget of the federal extra-budgetary fund?
A. Ministry of Finance
B. Ministry of Economic Development and Trade
B. Government
D. Management bodies of these funds
D. Federal Treasury +
P 15. What expenses are financed from the Pension Fund?
temporary disability benefits
sickness benefits
benefits in connection with the birth of a child
payment of labor pensions +
P 16. What expenses are financed from the Pension Fund?
A. Temporary disability benefits
B. Maternity benefits
B. Survivor Benefits
D. Pension payments +
D. Benefit for treatment due to occupational disease
P 17. Which of the listed tasks is implemented by the Pension Fund?
A. provides payment of maternity benefits
B. Payment of benefits for sick leave
V. pays labor pensions +
G. provides insurance against industrial accidents
P 18. What is the main item of income of the budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation?
A. Insurance premiums +
B. Funds received from the sale of loans
B. Funds transferred from other extra-budgetary funds
D. Funds received from business activities
PS 19. Since 2001, which body has provided the bulk of the Pension Fund’s income?
A. Central Bank
B. Ministry of Social Development
B. Structure of the Federal Tax Service +
D. The Pension Fund bodies themselves
PS 20 which body has been executing the Pension Fund's expenditures since 2001?
Federal Treasury +
ministry of social development
Federal Tax Service structures
The Pension Fund bodies themselves
P 21. What parts of taxes (taxes) go to the budget of the social insurance fund?
A. Unified social tax +
B. Income tax
D. Mandatory contributions to social extra-budgetary funds
P 23. Select the main source of income for the social insurance fund budget
budget allocations
Deductions from the unified social tax +
income tax
mandatory contributions to social extra-budgetary funds
C 22. What is the task of the social insurance fund?
A. Ensuring payment of pensions to working citizens
B. Providing guaranteed state benefits for temporary disability, pregnancy and childbirth, at the birth of a child, etc. +
B. Financing of medical institutions implementing rehabilitation programs
D. Financing of public investment projects
C 23. Select the source of formation of funds from compulsory health insurance funds:
A. Deductions of part of the unified social tax
B. Part of the income tax paid by individual entrepreneurs
B. Deductions from budgets +
D. Income of medical institutions from the provision of paid services
P 24. Are compulsory medical insurance funds created at the territorial level?
B. Depends on the decision of the territory
D. They were created before 2001, but are not created now
D. Started to be created in 2001.
P 10. What federal law regulates the budget process in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation?
A. Budget Code +
B. Tax Code
B. Civil Code
D. Criminal Code
P 11. From what source are the budget revenues of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation generated?
A. Taxes +
B. Funds transferred from local budgets
B. Loans from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
G. Loans from the population
P 12. From what source are local budget revenues generated?
A. Taxes +
B. Loans from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
B. IMF loans
D. income of state extra-budgetary funds
P 13. What extra-budgetary funds operate at the level of constituent entities of the Russian Federation?
A. Pension fund
B. Social Insurance Fund
B. Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund +
D. Territorial Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund
Topic 9. Organizational finances
C 1. Finance of enterprises and commercial organizations is:
A. monetary funds;
B. monetary relations arising from the monetary valuation of inventory items;
B. monetary relations arising in the process of cash flow and the formation, distribution and use of funds of funds. +
PS 2. Under what conditions are decentralized funds of monetary circulation formed?
when cash flows +
when assessing the value of inventory items
when expressing the volume of product sales in monetary form
C 3. What is the material basis of financial relations?
A. the cost of labor invested in the production of products;
B. production inventories of a commercial organization;
B. cash flow; +
D. cost of finished products.
C 4. what is the criterion for grouping financial relations in individual areas
economic content of financial relations +
volume of production of a commercial organization
number of employees of a commercial organization
organizational and legal form of business
PS 5. What unites different groups of financial relations
scope of application +
flow of funds
payment form
nothing unites
P 6. Are financial relations part of monetary relations?
A. yes, they are; +
B. no, they are not;
V. these are equivalent concepts.
P 7. Which of the following functions belongs to finance?
A. accounting;
B. control; +
B. social;
G. evaluative.
P 8. Which of the following functions is financial?
A. distribution; +
B. managerial;
B. evaluative;
G. cumulative
PS 9. According to its economic content, the formation of additional capital
Is it distributive or redistributive in nature?
distributive character
redistributive nature +
contains both elements of distribution and redistribution
PS 12. What is the objective basis of the control function of finance
commercial organizations?
A. activities of audit firms;
B. cost accounting of costs for production and sales of products; +
B. mobilization of financial resources of a commercial organization;
D. mobilization of financial resources of a commercial organization and generation of budget revenues.
C 13. Is absolute economic independence of a commercial organization possible?
A. yes, with the transition to a market economy this principle has been fully realized;
B. full implementation is possible only for profitable organizations;
V. no, full implementation is impossible, since the state always regulates certain aspects of entrepreneurial activity; +
D. this principle will be fully implemented when a stable economic situation is achieved in the country.
PS 14. What is meant by the principle of self-financing?
recoupment of current costs using own and borrowed funds
recoupment of current costs and investment in production development from own sources
recoupment of current costs and investments in expanded production at the expense of own funds and, if necessary, at the expense of banking and commercial
Credits +
PS 15. Does the principle of ensuring financial reserves have legislative
yes, all commercial organizations are required by law to form financial reserves
no, the decision on the formation of financial reserves is the prerogative of the heads of commercial organizations
has only for open or closed joint stock companies +
4. The formation of a financial reserve for all commercial organizations except state and municipal enterprises is established by law
PS 16. Can a closed joint stock company freely sell its shares on the stock market?
B. Can only subject to a secondary placement of securities;
V. cannot. +
PS 17. Does a state unitary enterprise have the right to dispose of its property?
it has the right to dispose of its property at its discretion
it has the right to dispose of its property independently
it has the right to dispose of its property with the consent of the owner +
PS 18. Is the authorized capital of a general partnership a share capital?
yes, it is +
no is not
it can be called share capital
PS 19. Which of the listed factors influences the composition and structure of the organization’s fixed production assets?
A. organizational and legal form of business;
B. sectoral features of management; +
B. features of the formation of authorized capital;
D. availability of additional capital.
PS 20. Investments in production development are:
A. expenses associated with expanded reproduction; +
B. compulsory expenses;
B. expenses associated with simple reproduction;
D. funds allocated for consumption.
C 21. What is the economic essence of depreciation?
A. monetary form of part of the value of fixed assets transferred to products;
B. this is the process of gradually transferring the value of the means of labor as they wear out to the products produced, converting them into monetary form and
accumulation of resources for subsequent reproduction of fixed assets; +
B. part of the value of surplus labor.
From 22. depreciation charges are:
source of working capital formation
source of formation of authorized capital
source of formation of authorized and additional capital
source of financing for long-term investments +
C 23. Is it possible to use profit to cover the increase in working capital?
A. possible for commercial organizations of any legal form of business; +
V. is possible if it is a unitary enterprise;
G. is possible only in joint stock companies.
C 24. Is the proceeds from the sale of products commercial income?
Organizations?
yes, this is the net income of a commercial organization
yes, this is the gross income of a commercial organization
no, it is not +
C 25. what is profit as an economic category
source of financing for expanded reproduction
net income created by surplus labor +
source of financing for simple reproduction
the ultimate goal of entrepreneurial activity
PS 26. Profitability is:
A. absolute indicator characterizing the activities of the organization;
B. a cost indicator characterizing the effect of entrepreneurial activity;
B. a relative indicator characterizing the degree of profitability of entrepreneurial activity. +
C 27. What is the main source of reimbursement of funds spent on production?
enterprise profit
revenue from product sales +
short-term commercial bank loans
depreciation deductions
PS 28. Is the sales price a factor influencing the volume of production and sales of products?
Yes it is
no, it is not +
is at the time of change in the price of finished products
Topic 10. Household finances
C 1. What is household finance?
A. The totality of household cash expenditures and income.
B. Household cash.
B. Household property
D. Economic relations on the formation and use of household funds +
PS 2. What is the material source of household financial resources?
country's income
material wealth of countries
national wealth GDP
household income +
PS 3. What funds are created within the financial resources of households?
A. Consumption fund and savings fund. +
B. Pension Fund of the Russian Federation
B. Production Development Fund
D. Fund for financial support of constituent entities of the Russian Federation
C 4. What are the sources of cash income for households?
A. Only wages.
B. Only income from business activities.
B. Only government social payments.
D. Wages, income from business activities and government social payments and rent +
C 5. What applies to transfers to the population?
A. Pensions from extra-budgetary social funds. +
B. Stock returns.
B. Remuneration.
D. Interest on deposits in commercial banks.
PS 7. what qualifying criteria are used as the basis for dividing household cash expenses?
only according to the purposes of use and degree of regularity
only as needed
only for purposes of use and necessity
according to the purposes of regularity, degree of necessity and purposes of use +
C 8. What voluntary payments do households make?
2. insurance contributions to non-state pension funds +
insurance contributions to state extra-budgetary funds
PS 9. What types of savings and savings can households have?
A. Purchasing expensive household appliances.
B. Deposits of the population in commercial banks. +
B. Holidays abroad.
D. Training in educational institutions.
P 10. What tax do households pay?
A. Corporate income tax.
B. Organizational property tax.
B. Personal income tax. +
D. Tax on income of credit institutions.
C 11. Which tax is the heaviest for households?
personal property tax
insurance payments to extra-budgetary social funds
personal income tax +
National tax
Topic 11. Insurance
C 1: Which of the listed features characterize insurance relations?
stimulating appointment
closed redistribution of damage in space and time
free payments
non-refundable payments +
control of insurance activities
PS 2. What are the organizational forms of the insurance fund in Russia (select one or more options)?
social development fund
enterprise reserve fund +
fund for the development of science and technology
organization consumption fund
reserve fund of the President of the Russian Federation
P 3. What is the function of insurance?
stimulating
2) warning +
fiscal
cumulative
P 4. What function of insurance provides compensation for damage?
stimulating
control
fiscal
4) risky +
C 5. The peculiarity of voluntary insurance is that it:
carried out on the basis of state interests
acts on the basis of the law
4) carried out on the basis of the law and an agreement between the insurer and the policyholder +
C 6. Which branch of insurance as an object has losses arising from various commercial transactions?
property insurance
personal insurance
3) economic risk insurance +
civil liability insurance
PS 7. Which insurer operates on a non-commercial basis?
state and municipal organizations
insurance pools +
open society
joint stock companies
PS 8. determine the principle of organizing the insurance business
competition +
monopolization
gratuitousness
self-sufficiency
PS 9. What characterizes insurance relations?
stimulating appointment
redistribution, incentives, free
free payments
4) closed redistribution of damage in space and time, irreversibility +
PS 10. In what form can insurance be formed and used?
fund?
enterprise accumulation fund
material incentive fund
3) insurer's reserve fund +
Pension Fund
PS 11. What function of insurance ensures a reduction in the degree and consequences of insurance risk?
risky
control
3) warning +
distribution
reproductive
P 12. What is the peculiarity of compulsory insurance?
carried out on the basis of the interests of the state of adverse natural events
2) applies automatically by law +
used in the interests of the insurer and the policyholder
acts on the basis of the law
C 13. Which insurance industry has as its object damage caused to third parties?
property insurance
personal insurance
3) liability insurance +
risk insurance
economic risk insurance
C 14. Indicate the subjects of the insurance market:
insurer, taxpayer, insurance agent
policyholder, lender, borrower
3) insured, insurance broker, policyholder +
insurer, budget recipient, taxpayer
PS 15. Which principle characterizes the organization of the insurance business in Russia to the greatest extent?
centralized government
2) freedom of choice of services by the policyholder +
state property
monopolization
Topic 12. Financial management
PS 1. Select two functions of the state legislative bodies.
A. Approval of the state budget. +
B. Drawing up a draft state budget.
B. Monitoring compliance with financial laws.
D. Approval of the report on the execution of the state budget
PS 2. Select the function of the Ministry of Finance in foreign countries.
A. Adopt laws on taxes and fees.
B. Develop financial policy. +
B. Establishes a limit on the national debt.
PS 3. The internal debt management function of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation is expressed in:
A. Issue of municipal loans.
B. Issues of government loans. +
B. Adoption of laws regulating the volume of public debt.
P4. Select the state financial control body of the Russian Federation:
A. Main Control Directorate under the President of the Russian Federation.
B. Audit services.
V. Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation +
D. Financial services of business entities.
P 5. Select a non-state financial control body:
A. Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.
B. Central Bank of Russia.
B. Financial departments of commercial banks. +
C 6. Select the functions of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation in the field of financial management:
A. Reviews and approves laws regulating the composition and structure of the financial system and the functions of its individual links. +
B. Draws up a draft law on the federal budget
B. Executes the budget of the Russian Federation
D. Adopts laws on the execution of budgets of constituent entities of the Russian Federation
C 7. Select the functions of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation:
A. Development and approval of the Tax Code.
B. Control over the legality and timeliness of the movement of funds from the federal budget and federal extra-budgetary funds. +
B. Execution of the Russian Federation budget.
C 8. The functions of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation include:
A. Development and implementation of a unified financial policy of the Russian Federation.
B. Development of a unified methodology for drawing up budgets at all levels and reports on their execution +
B. Financial examination of draft federal laws, as well as regulations of federal government bodies.
P 9. Select the function of the Federal Tax Service:
Adoption of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation
Control over the correct calculation, completeness and timely payment of all taxes and fees +
Carries out audit control of enterprises and organizations
P 10. Select two functions of state tax inspectorates:
Taxpayer registration +
Monitoring the correctness of calculations and the timeliness and completeness of contributions to budgets
prevention, detection and suppression of corruption in tax authorities
P 11. Who can exercise financial control? (choose 2 correct answers)
Legislative +
Individuals
Executive +
P 12. What does departmental financial control mean?
A. Control over ministries and departments by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.
B. Control carried out by the control bodies of the departments themselves.
B. Control exercised by the Federal Tax Service. +
C 13. Do the functions of the Federal Treasury include control over the execution of regional and local budgets?
PS 14. Are the functions of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation included in the analysis of the state of the public debt of the Russian Federation?
PS 15. What is the function of commercial banks in the field of financial control?
control over cash discipline of legal entities +
banking risk analysis
control over the use of funds by legal entities
timeliness and completeness of tax transfers
control over the investment activities of enterprises
C 16. Specify the method used when conducting financial control
A. Interview.
B. Revision. +
B. Experiment.
D. Balance sheet method.
P 17. To whom is the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation accountable?
To the Central Bank
Ministry of Finance
Federal Tax Service
Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation +
P 18. Which main body exercises financial control over the use of funds from the Federal Budget of the Russian Federation:
A. Local and regional authorities.
B. Federal Treasury. +
B. Individuals.
D. Commercial enterprises.
P 19. The tasks of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation include:
control over the execution of the Federal budget and extra-budgetary funds +
drawing up forecasts of territorial budgets
Execution of the Federal Budget of the Russian Federation
P 20. Which body does the Federal Treasury operate within?
Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Federal Assembly
Presidential Administration
Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation +
C 21. The tasks of the Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation in the field of financial control include:
Control over the cash execution of the federal budget and extra-budgetary federal funds +
control over the issue of money by law by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.
Control over timely and full payment of taxes and fees to legal entities
PS 22. Does the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation have the right to audit the financial activities of private commercial structures that do not use federal budget funds?
C 23. Can an audit firm declare a commercial enterprise bankrupt?
C 24. Which authorities exercise tax control in the Russian Federation?
audit firms
Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Federal Tax Service +
Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation
Topic 13. Budget process
C 1. What is the budget process?
process of drafting, reviewing, approving and executing
budgets +
organizational principles of building a budget system
centralized distribution and redistribution of GDP and income tax between parts of the financial system
C 2. What is budget planning?
the totality of all budgets operating in the country
centralized distribution and redistribution of GDP and income tax between parts of the financial system in the process of drawing up and executing budgets +
process of drafting, reviewing, approving and executing budgets
organizational principles of building a budget system
P 3. How many stages does the budget process in the Russian Federation include?
4 stages +
P 4. How does the 4th stage of the budget process end?
consideration of the budget by legislative authorities
approval of the budget execution report +
approval of the budget by legislative authorities
adjustment of the main budget indicators in accordance with the financial and economic situation
PS 5. Which of the following statements is true?
the budget process is included in budget planning
budget planning is included in the budget process +
the budget system is included in the budget process
budget device is included in the budget process
P 6. Does the duration of the budget process vary across countries?
yes, it varies +
no, it doesn't differ
PS 7. Principles of the budget process:
unity, completeness, openness, reality +
payment and urgency
financial responsibility for the formation of financial reserves
stimulation, control, completeness, independence
P 8. Which body performs the functions of drafting the federal budget?
Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation
Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation +
State Duma Committee on Budget, Banking and Finance
PS 9. Accounts of the Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation and its local divisions are intended for:
budget execution
execution of extra-budgetary funds
Execution of budgets and extra-budgetary funds +
settlements between business entities
C 10. Participants in the budget process in the Russian Federation are:
individuals: residents and non-residents of the Russian Federation
legal entities: residents and non-residents of the Russian Federation
financial and credit institutions
legislative and executive authorities +
P 11. Legislative bodies of the Russian Federation:
review and approve budgets, as well as reports on their execution
draw up a draft budget
execute the budget
carry out organizational and methodological work on the preparation and execution of the budget
P 12. Which of the listed functions is assigned to the executive authorities of the Russian Federation?
review of budgets
approval of budget execution reports
drawing up projects and executing budgets +
approval of budgets
C 13. The functions of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation include:
review and approval of the budget
approval of the budget execution report
control over compliance with tax legislation, correct calculation, completeness and timeliness of tax payments
implementation of organizational, methodological and practical work on the preparation and execution of the budget +
C 14. The consolidated financial balance of the Russian Federation, containing data on the forecast possibilities for accumulating income, attracting borrowings and financing budget expenses, is compiled on:
for 1 month
for 6 months
C 15. The balance of financial resources includes:
income and expenses of the Russian Federation +
income and expenses of constituent entities of the Russian Federation
household income and expenses
income and expenses of municipalities
P 16. Is the draft federal budget subject to consideration in the Federation Council?
yes, subject +
no, not subject
C 17. Is it necessary to hold subsequent readings of the federal budget in the State Duma if it has passed 1 reading:
yes, necessary +
C 18. What issues are resolved when the State Duma considers the draft federal budget inIreading?
main characteristics of the federal budget +
distribution of expenses by subsections of functional classification
adoption of the law on the federal budget as a whole
distribution of expenses among ministries and departments
P 19. The State Duma considers and approves:
federal budget +
regional budgets
local budgets
consolidated budget
P 20 The federal budget is adopted:
By Decree of the President of the Russian Federation
Law of the Russian Federation “On the Federal Budget” +
another document
Topic 14. Financial policy
PS 1. What is the main element of the state’s financial policy?
State budget
State financial management bodies
Determining the goals and objectives of using financial relations +
Establishment of a tax system
PS 2. Included in the content of the state’s financial policy
development of a financial mechanism?
In certain cases
PS 3. Included in the content of the state’s financial policy
organization of financial management?
In certain cases
C 4. What are the main goals of the state’s financial policy?
distribution of financial resources and control +
economic regulation +
formation of organizational finances
research on theoretical issues of using financial relations
C 5. Can fiscal objectives form the basis of financial policy?
states?
In certain cases
C 6. What is the financial regulation of the economy?
indirect impact on various economic processes
implementation of tax reform +
budget relations study
formation of new types of enterprises
C 7. What is the fiscal orientation of financial policy?
states?
ensuring the growth of non-tax revenues
reduction in tax revenues
ensuring a balance of state income and expenditures +
organization of state credit
PS 8. Is it possible to regulate different economic processes using the same financial instruments?
in certain cases +
C 9. What is a financial mechanism?
set of taxes and non-tax payments of the state
a set of forms and methods of organizing financial relations +
different types of enterprise funds
cash income and expenses of the population
C 10. Directive financial mechanism:
established by government bodies and mandatory for all economic entities in the country +
determined only by Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation
established by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation
controlled by the Federal Customs Service
C 11. Can individual elements of the financial mechanism be determined by legal entities?
in certain cases
C 12. What is the main focus of classical financial policy?
economic regulation
fiscal goals +
Anti-inflationary policy
cyclic regulation
C 13. What is the main focus of regulatory financial policy?
economic regulation +
fiscal goals
anti-inflationary policy
cyclic regulation
PS 14. Which countries had prescriptive financial policies?
In countries with market economies
In countries with socially oriented economies
In countries with planned economies +
In Western Europe and the USA
PS 15. What is the main type of financial policy currently used in most countries of the world?
fiscal
regulating +
directive
social
Topic 16. Theories of public finance
A. increasing the role of direct taxes;
B. Increasing the investment activity of the state;
B. Revolutionary change in the principles of constructing financial systems;
D. Free competition; non-intervention of the state in the economy +
PS 2. Which principle of constructing tax systems does not belong to A. Smith?
A. Justice
B. Elasticity +
B. Facilities
D. Certainties
C 3. The main work of K. Marx is called:
A. “Less is better”;
B. "Capital"; +
V. “An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations”
PS 4. A. Wagner’s principle of elasticity of taxation belongs to the group:
A. Principles of tax management;
B. Principles of justice
B. Financial principles of taxation organization; +
G. National economic principles
C 5. “Scarcity financing” is a term from theory:
A. Marxism
B. A. Smith
V. Keynesianism +
PS 6. The financial concept of J. Keynes is based on the following ideas:
A. “Effective demand” +
B. revolutionary changes;
V. “dynamic transformations”;
D. government regulation
PS 7. What is the peculiarity of the reproductive concept of finance?
finance is a system of monetary relations
finance is distribution relations
Finance is a relationship associated with several stages of reproduction +
C 8. What is the peculiarity of the distributive concept of finance
finance is a system of economic relations
Finance is a distributive non-equivalent relationship +
finance is a reproductive relationship
finance is distribution and exchange relations
Topic 17. International financial relations
P 1. Is the Russian Federation a member of the IMF?
acts as an “observer”.
C 4. The external public debt of the Russian Federation is divided into:
the debt of the Russian Federation itself; +
debt of private commercial banks to foreign banks;
Debt of the former USSR
C 5. London Lenders Club includes:
foreign creditor banks; +
governments of leading Western countries
C 6. Demonetization of gold means:
government refusal to mint gold coins;
increase in the country's gold reserves;
refusal to recognize gold as a monetary metal. +
C 7. Balance of payments is:
the ratio of payments made by a given country abroad and receipts received from abroad over a certain period of time; +
requirements and obligations of the country in relation to foreign countries.
P 8. The main source of foreign currency inflow to Russia (choose the correct answer):
import of goods;
foreign investment;
oil and gas export; +
export of equipment.
C 9. Currency is:
monetary unit of a foreign state; +
international unit of account;
national currency;
precious metals.
P 10. Which body sets the official exchange rate of the ruble?
Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation;
Government of the Russian Federation;
C 11. Restructuring of external debt means:
refusal to repay the debt;
refusal to pay interest on debt;
deferment of debt payments. +
PS 12. Who benefits from the devaluation of the national currency:
importers of goods;
exporters; +
government of the country;
foreign states.
P 13. Is gold legal tender in developed countries?
PS 14 the role of the state’s gold reserves at present is to:
determine the exchange rate of the national currency +
means for minting gold coins
serve as a means of settlement for international trade transactions
PS 15. Is it true that the restructuring of external debt means deferment of payments? on public debt, including interest:
C 16. Do central banks of developed countries have the right to issue SDRs?
partially.
C 17. Is it true that exports of goods benefit from devaluation of the national currency?
C 18.Can the IMF provide a loan for the construction of a large industrial facility in Russia?
PS 20. Does Russia have the right to cover the federal budget deficit with a loan from the World Bank?
PS 21. Main tasks of the Paris Club of Creditors
demand repayment of loans from developing countries +
provide a deferment in the repayment of creditors to debtor countries +
C 22. Are Russian exporters required to sell foreign exchange earnings to the Central Bank?
fully obliged
partially obliged +
P 26. Exchange rate means:
purchasing power of the monetary unit;
the price of a monetary unit of one country, expressed in the monetary units of other countries or in international monetary units. +
Topic 18. Features of financial systems of developed countries
C 1. What share of national income is redistributed through the state budgets of developed countries?
A. all national income
B. more than 40% +
P 2. Developed countries, depending on their government structure, have:
A. two or three-tier budget system +
B. five-tier budget system
B. ten-tier budget system
P 3. The main revenues to the state budget are as follows:
A. tax revenues +
B. depreciation proceeds
B. rent
PS 4. The German budget system is:
A. unitary
B. federal +
V. confederal
PS 5. In the symmetric model of the budget system, federations of developed countries use:
A. equal rights +
B. each federation has a special status
PS 6. The budget process in developed countries has:
A. two stages - review and approval of the budget
B. three stages - budgeting, review, approval
B. four stages - budgeting, review, approval and execution +
PS 7. In the UK the following applies:
A. regular-global income tax system +
B. global system
PS 8. The main taxes received by the budget of developed countries are:
A. income taxes +
B. excise taxes
B. inheritance and gift tax
P 9. Developed countries finance military expenses:
A. from the state budget +
B. from social security funds
P 10. Extra-budgetary funds of developed countries are:
A. national and territorial special target funds +
B. depreciation funds of enterprises
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1 Soc.-econ. the essence of finance.
Finance- these are economic relations occurring in monetary form, associated with the distribution of part of GDP and national income, as a result of which financial resources are formed, accumulated in centralized and decentralized funds, with the aim of using them in the interests of the state, enterprises and citizens.
Main meaning finance consists in the distribution and redistribution of life values between individuals. In determining the economic essence of finance, it is logical to clarify such important issues as the period of the emergence of finance, the need for its appearance, its difference from money, the sphere of functioning, and the functions that reflect its essence. Appearance period: the word finance arose in the Middle Ages in the trading cities of Italy with the formation of commodity-money circulation and the growing need of the state for monetary resources. In France in the 16th century. The word finance was used in the meaning of “state.” income" or "sums of money". In Russia, this term was used during the era of Ivan the Terrible in the 2nd half of the 16th century. And it was used along with the word treasury. The need for their appearance due to such factors as: the existence of commodity-money exchange, stimulated by market development; the action of the law of value, ensuring the distribution of GDP and its component part of profit; asynchrony of production and consumption. The difference between finance and money: Finance is always a monetary relationship, cat. The main subject is the state. However, not every monetary relationship does not always imply finance: the concept of money is broader, and finance is part of monetary relations, they differ from money in essence, in content, in functions, money is a universal equivalent, based on cat. evaluate the labor costs of producers, and finance evaluates economics. an instrument for the distribution and redistribution of GDP and income, a means of monitoring the formation and use of funds. Scope of operation: in theory, there is no definite point of view on which of the phases money exists. There are 2 main ones. approach to determining the phases of existence of only money or money and finance. According to the first of them, the real movement of funds occurs at the stages of distribution and exchange, and the emergence and functioning - at the stage of distribution. In the second, at the stage of distribution, finance arises and functions at all stages. Functions: the essence of finance, like any economist. categories, manifests itself in their functions, expressing the order of implementation of the general. any economy destination categories.
2 C-ma financial relations
As an ek category, funds express the relationship between m/d ek subjects regarding the formation and use of monetary funds, i.e. f-sy- this is not just money, but an organic unity of 3 elements, at least 2 subjects, an object and the relations themselves. Subjects of financial relations are: individuals, family, informal organizations, legal entities, interstate legal entities, state associations, etc. Citizens, family, organizations, states form the internal bodies of the federal subjects of each country, and the rest form the international sphere. F-owl object represent financial resources. They cover all the multitude of real and effective values, to them. Value expression: 1 Money (paper, credit, etc.) does not contain any values, but is capable of personifying real material, spiritual, and social values; 2 Securities; 3 Obligations of eq subjects. The set of relationships regarding changes in an object constitute a complex system: 1st group. Financial relations between individuals cover relations between people and individuals. This includes differences in relations regarding the formation and use of monetary funds between individuals, within the circle of relatives, acquaintances, who take an active/passive part in a person’s life. The relationship between a person’s department and his family is organically connected with this sphere. 2nd group. To the 3rd group including relations between people and government agencies, financial credit, commercial and other organizations regarding the formation and use of monetary resources. 4th group rel. reflects the flows of cash funds between individuals and state legal entities, in which the main place is occupied by the movement from one side - payments to the budget, and sdr - the difference in the day of payments of state organizations (salary, social benefits, etc. ). 5th group arises in the presence of several owners, organizations and expresses the relationship between them regarding the formation of the initial funds and the distribution of final financial results. 6th group– communication of citizens with foreign state entities, as well as with interstate organizations in terms of investments, income, etc. 7th group– relations between non-state organizations and other government, production, financial credit, commercial and other organizations regarding the formation and use of monetary resources. Through this area, the formation of deviants,%, the sale of created products, etc. 8th group– relations between business entities and state legal entities
3. What is the main meaning of the operational function of finance.
a) Activities related to the regulation of real money turnover within the framework of the business structure implement a set of financial functions of the enterprise, among them: provision, distribution and control.
b) The supporting function of enterprise finance presupposes that the enterprise must be fully provided in the optimal amount with the necessary funds while observing a very important principle: all expenses must be covered by its own income.
c) An integral part of the supporting function of an enterprise’s finances is the operational function, the meaning of which is the current provision of enterprises with funds for normal functioning, that is, making payments and settlements, fulfilling short-term obligations. The operational function does not have a significant impact on the long-term development strategy of the enterprise. Therefore, it is limited to financial support for simple reproduction. The enabling function prioritizes capital accumulation to solve long-term investment problems. Operational management (a set of measures developed on the basis of an operational analysis of the financial situation in order to obtain the maximum effect at a minimum cost through the redistribution of financial resources)
4. Are salaries always paid out on time at your company? Give reasons for both positive and negative answers.
a) Wages are the price paid to a worker for the use of his labor, a value determined by the labor market, i.e. labor demand and supply.
b) Wages must be paid to employees at least every half month (Article 136 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). It is permissible to establish other terms for payment of wages by federal law (for certain categories of employees).
c) Employees of our organization receive wages on the 1st and 16th of each month. On the 16th, an advance payment is issued for the previous half month, and on the 1st, wages for the entire previous month are issued. The collective agreement establishes that the advance payment for the first half of the month is 50% of the monthly salary. Salaries at the company where I work are always paid on time. The absence of delays in the payment of wages is due to the competent management of the financial activities of the enterprise, good economic and financial performance of the company, and a positive trend in the work of the organization’s employees.
5. What is the situation with your company’s debt to suppliers? Budget? Are the amounts of overdue debt large?
a) Accounts payable is the debt of an enterprise to other organizations and enterprises, legal entities and individuals. Accounts payable arise as a result of attracting funds from other organizations, enterprises and individuals, as well as for all types of payments to the budget, extra-budgetary and other funds.
b) The debt of our enterprise to suppliers in 2010 amounted to 6814 thousand rubles, which indicates the diversion of our own funds into accounts payable, which can adversely affect the financial condition of the enterprise. The repayment of accounts payable from some organizations is the repayment of receivables from other organizations. Therefore, the liquidation of accounts payable is of great importance, because the reduction of funds in the sphere of payments and the acceleration of the latter contribute to the acceleration of the turnover of working capital.
c) Financial relations that develop between the state, legal entities and individuals are called budgetary relations. As a result of fulfilling the obligations of legal entities and individuals to the state, a budget fund is created in which these relations are materialized.
The debt of our enterprise to the budget at the end of 2010 is 114 thousand rubles. Our company has no overdue debt.
6. What financial plans does your company have and for what time frame?
a) Financial planning is understood as a set of measures for drawing up 4 and implementing plans for the formation of income and expenses. Financial planning is part of n/x planning. It allows you to link the indicators of the agricultural plan with their cash flow
The object of financial planning is the financial activities of business entities and the state, and the final result is the preparation of financial plans, ranging from the estimate of an individual institution to the consolidated financial balance of the state.
The initial basis for developing a financial plan for an enterprise is the following data:
Planned amount of revenue from product sales;
Planned profit and profitability of production;
Established amounts of payments to the state budget and allocations from it;
Volumes of government capital investments;
Amounts of allocations from centralized funds for various planned purposes, planned values of fund-forming indicators.
b) It is customary to distinguish between three types of financial plans:
The balance of income and expenses is planned;
Preliminary (for the expected period);
Executive (final).
There is also a so-called test balance of income and expenses, which is a chess sheet (chess balance).
c) Our company is developing a financial plan, the final section of which is the balance of income and expenses. The development of a financial plan is carried out by the financial service of the enterprise. In its revenue part they show planned profit, depreciation charges, allocations from the budget and other income, in the expenditure part - deductions to the budget, investments in capital construction and major repairs, increase in working capital, deductions to higher organizations and others.
Therefore, the financial plan of our organization includes the following sections:
Profit distribution plan,
Calculation of working capital and its growth,
Calculation of depreciation charges.
Financing of capital investments.
Calculation of payments to the budget.
Estimate for personnel training at the enterprise.
Calculation of financial reserve.
The plan is drawn up for the quarter with a monthly breakdown.
Conclusion
So, in this test, I answered the main questions regarding the functions of finance, we summarize the above material and draw conclusions.
Finance performs two functions: distribution and control. The operation of paying income tax to the state budget belongs to the distribution function of finance.
Activities related to the regulation of real money turnover within the entrepreneurial structure implement a set of functions of the enterprise’s finances, among them: provision, distribution and control. The meaning of the operational function of finance is the current provision of enterprises with funds for normal functioning.
Wages are the price paid to a worker for the use of his labor, a value determined by the labor market, i.e. labor demand and supply.
Accounts payable is the debt of an enterprise to other organizations and enterprises, legal entities and individuals.
The financial plan must ensure the economically feasible use of funds to finance the activities of the enterprise.
List of used literature
1. Azriliyan A.N. Large economic dictionary: 25,000 terms - M.: Institute of New Economics, 2007, - 1376 p.
2. Eliseev A.S. Modern economics: Textbook. – St. Petersburg: Dashkov and K, 2006, - 503 p.
3. Lipsits I.V. Economics: Textbook. – M.: Vita-Press, 2007. –315 p.
4. Finance, money circulation and credit. Textbook. / Ed. VC. Senchagov and A.I. Arkhipova. - M.: Prospekt, 2007. - 400 p.
And decentralized funds of funds in order to increase the efficiency of social production, improve the quality of work in all parts of the national economy. The object of the control function of finance is the financial performance indicators of enterprises, organizations, and institutions. The form of implementation of the control function of finance is financial control. If the control function of finance...
Enterprise finance can be divided into finance of industry, agriculture, transport, communications, construction, supply, trade, housing and communal services, and road services. The organization of an enterprise’s finances is influenced not only by industry characteristics, but also by organizational and legal forms of management. Taking into account the organizational and legal forms, the finances of enterprises should be divided into...
The concept of finance and their classification. The role and importance of finance.
In any state, the distribution and redistribution of the gross social product and national income occurs in monetary form.
The concept of finance comes from the French - the totality of all funds, at the disposal of the enterprise, the state, as well as the system of their formation, distribution, and use.
Finance is a set of funds arising from the formation, distribution and use of funds of financial resources.
1. Economic understanding - all funds
2. Legal understanding – state and municipal funds: budgets of all levels
State and municipal credit
State extra-budgetary funds
Central Bank funds
Funds of state credit organizations
Funds of state unitary enterprises
Signs of finance:
Money relations
Mandatory participant state
Distribution relations
Non-equivalent
Formed by funding
Kinds:
In terms of their material content, state finances represent cash funds.
All funds of funds in the state are divided into centralized and decentralized, which are interconnected and conditional.
1) Centralized funds include funds at the disposal of the state as a ruling entity. These include - Budget funds
State and municipal credit
State extra-budgetary funds
2) Decentralized funds include the finances of enterprises and organizations of all forms of ownership, formed both from their own resources and from budgetary allocations, as well as household finances
The role and importance of finance
Finance is directly related to the functioning of public economic relations in the process of accumulation, redistribution and use of centralized and decentralized funds of funds. Humanity, in the process of evolutionary development, has passed the path from commodity exchange to commodity-money relations, where money has become a universal equivalent, and the state, in the course of its activities to manage economic and social processes, began to keep records of income and expenses in monetary form, forming various monetary funds.
Finance- not the money itself, but the relationship between people regarding the formation, redistribution, and use of funds.
Money is the equivalent by which labor is measured. Finance serves as an economic instrument for the distribution of gross social product and national income. They are a means of controlling the production and distribution of material goods; a means of stimulating the development of the state and society. Finance reflect in abstract form all processes occurring in the state, not only in the field of economics and social processes, but also in the field of politics, ecology, demography, etc. Any event in the state cannot be carried out without redistribution of financial resources, i.e. without the financial activities of the state, which are carried out in the legal sphere.
Finance functions:
1. Regulatory
2. Test
3. accumulation of money. funds
4. use of money
5. redistribution of funds
The theory of finance consists of:
A) Teachings about commodity-money relations.
Finance has always been considered an economic category; it is a phenomenon that exists only in commodity-money relations. The importance of finance in a state depends on the place commodity-money relations occupy in the state. This causes the role of finance to decrease or increase. Until the 90s, there was no financial law in the strict sense; it was replaced by administrative law. But not all monetary relations express financial relations. Money circulation, the sale of goods, the use of money as accounting and control do not express financial relations. Finance is different from money. If money - is the universal equivalent by which the costs of social labor are measured, then finances are like this an economic category that characterizes the process of using and distributing funds in the state in a centralized or decentralized way. Finance is an economic instrument for the distribution and redistribution of the aggregate social product and national income. This is a kind of control over the formation and use of funds. The main purpose of finance is to provide, through the formation of cash income and cash funds, not only the needs of the state, as well as enterprises, organizations, and the population in funds, but also to ensure control over the expenditure of funds in rubles. Finance expresses the monetary relationship, as a result of which the systematic formation, distribution and use of monetary funds and funds of the state, organizations and the population is ensured.
b) The doctrine of national income as the main source of financial resources of any state. The main source of cash income and state funds is the country's national income. It is the volume of national income that determines the capabilities of a particular state in meeting the needs of the population. National income has two main parts: fund accumulation and consumption. These two parts make it possible to determine the proportions of economic development and its structure. There is such a paradox - without the participation of finance it is impossible to distribute national income. Therefore, in this sense, finance is the link between the creation and use of national income. The link between the creation and use of national income is also budget system, with its help, 70-80% of national income is distributed and redistributed.
c) The doctrine of the nature and functions of the state.
The content of finance is determined by the essence and functions of the state. The main function of the state is economic organization in relation to finance, it is expressed in the fact that by organizing financial relations, the state sets in motion huge cash flows and thereby actively influences all structures of the economy: production, distribution, consumption, both parts of the national income. In this sense, finance acts in terms of material content as target funds of funds. All these target funds (budgetary, non-budgetary, etc.) constitute the financial resources of any state.
The volume of a country's financial resources is reflected only in the consolidated financial balance sheet. At the level of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Economic Development and the Ministry of Finance, simultaneously with the draft federal budget, prepare a draft consolidated financial balance sheet and the federal budget makes up only part of it, and the rest consists of information on enterprise income, etc. This is necessary in order to predict economic development. Consolidated financial balances are almost never prepared by the constituent entities of the federation and municipalities, and it is a pity, since the constituent entities and the municipality have no less information than the entire Russian Federation.