Moral rules: respect for the rights of other people; non-infliction of evil in one’s actions (humiliation, deception, violence); fighting vices and shortcomings, and not with people who have them; recognizing that other people are right; the desire to find a solution that could suit everyone
Justice is about giving everyone their due. Injustice is achieved in two ways: either by violence or by deception. Marcus Tullius Cicero (BC) Roman statesman, outstanding orator and writer, popularizer of Greek philosophy. Justice is the highest of all virtues. Marcus Tullius Cicero:
Themis - the goddess of justice - is sometimes depicted with a blindfold, as a symbol of impartiality, with a sword and scales in her hands. Themis - goddess of justice Libra is an ancient symbol of measure and justice. On the scales of justice, good and evil, actions committed by mortals during their lifetime, are weighed. The posthumous fate of people depended on which cup would prevail. The sword in the hands of Themis is a symbol of retribution. It is double-edged, since the law not only punishes, but also warns. Why?
It is not because of wealth and poverty that people act unjustly. To speak well about virtue does not mean to be virtuous, and to be fair in thoughts does not mean to be fair in practice. Aristotle (BC), ancient Greek philosopher and scientist. Aristotle:
I AM EXTRA They dug up the cherries. Sergey said: I'm superfluous. Five trees, five guys I went out into the garden in vain. And when the cherries are ripe, Sergei goes out into the garden. Well, no, now you're redundant! The guys are talking. Agniya Barto. Can the words of the guys in A. Barto’s poem “I’m extra” be considered fair?
The unjust, making himself evil, does evil to himself. Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius Antoninus April 4, 174 - April 8, 217 Roman emperor, philosopher Be fair and you will be happy. J. Rousseau Jean-Jacques Rousseau 28 June July 1778) French writer, thinker, composer.
The only thing that every honest person should be guided in his actions is whether what he does is fair or unfair, and whether it is the act of a good or evil person. Socrates Justice must be the norm of human action. Nikolai Chernyshevsky Justice is a product as necessary for life as bread. Ludwig Berne
Sources of information: Fundamentals of religious cultures and secular ethics. Fundamentals of secular ethics. Grades 4-5: textbook for general education. institutions. – M.: Enlightenment, – 63 p.: ill. php %BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C html jpg jpg jpg jpg Jacques_Rousseau_%28painted_portrait%29.jpg
Justice is an honest and correct attitude (action, decision), which is prompted by the heart (the sense of justice comes from the heart). A just person knows how to act as his heart tells him (in accordance with truth and truth), even when it is unprofitable for him (not in his interests). A fair person, making a fair decision, does not think about himself (about his benefit and interests), but only about what is fair and correct. He acts according to his conscience, as his heart tells him. An unjust person often does not know how to act (think, treat, make decisions) honestly and correctly. When he wants something (also resentment, affection, protection of his own), he quickly forgets about honesty and justice, begins to be cunning and does what he himself wants (takes into account and is guided by his personal interests and opinions).
A developed sense of justice is the ability to listen to conscience, the voice of the heart... Justice (a very rare quality) is the ability to rise above oneself and one's interests... Bias and partiality, companions of selfishness that create injustice. Selfishness prevents you from facing the truth... A sense of justice helps you do what is right and beautiful in life, it brings peace to people...
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Justice Lesson 12.
Compiled by: Pichugina L.N., primary school teacher MBOU "Karavannaya Secondary School"
Fundamentals of Secular Ethics
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Lesson #12. JUSTICE
Goal: To introduce students to the concept of “justice” and its impact on humans. form the moral rules of a just person. Lesson objectives: to introduce the concept of justice; develop the ability to analyze actions; develop the ability to work together in a group. Discuss with students the moral rules of a just person. Raising a sense of justice in children. Development of educational skills in working with information during the reading process: the ability to navigate sources of information, adequately understand what is read, sort information in terms of its importance, draw conclusions and generalizations. Development of students' horizons, enrichment of vocabulary.
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Parable from Leonardo da Vinci. "JUSTICE"
There is no justice in the world!” the mouse squeaked pitifully, miraculously escaping from the claws of the weasel. “How long will we endure lies!” the weasel shouted indignantly, barely having time to hide in a narrow hollow from the cat.
There is no life because of tyranny! - the cat meowed, jumping onto a high fence and looking warily at the yard dog lurking below.
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Calm down, friends! - said the wise owl, sitting in a cage in the peasant yard. - There is some truth in your complaints about life. But does justice rightfully belong to any one of you? At these words, the mouse looked out of the hole, the weasel stuck its nose out of the hollow, the cat settled more comfortably on the fence, and the dog sat down on its hind legs.
Justice,” the owl continued, “is the highest law of nature, according to which reasonable agreement is established between all those living on earth. All animals, birds, fish and even insects live according to this wise law. Look how friendly a swarm of bees lives and works.
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The owl was indeed right. Anyone who has ever seen a hive knows that the queen bee reigns supreme there, managing everything and everyone with the greatest intelligence and fairly distributing responsibilities among the members of a large bee family. For some bees, their main concern is collecting nectar from flowers, for others - working in honeycombs; some guard the hive, driving away annoying wasps and bumblebees, others take care of maintaining cleanliness. There are bees that must care for the queen without leaving her even a step. When Lady 7 gets old, the strongest bees carefully carry her on themselves, and the most experienced and knowledgeable ones heal her with all sorts of medicines. And if even one bee violates its duty, inevitable punishment awaits it.
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In nature, everything is wise and thought out, everyone should mind their own business, and in this wisdom lies the highest justice of life.
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How can justice be manifested?
(at work, to others, to oneself).
What does it mean to be fair?
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Proverbs and sayings:
You speak the truth - There was truth, Everyone seeks the truth, Don’t look for truth in others, Eat bread and salt,
In whom there is no good,
There is little truth in that.
do the truth and do it. Yes, she went into the forest.
but not everyone does it.
and listen to the truth.
if you don't have it.
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Aphorisms:
Justice is the highest of all virtues.
Justice is about giving everyone their due.
Justice is based on understanding all the circumstances. (W. Wadler)
Anger is often the cause of injustice. Unknown author
It is not because of wealth and poverty that people act unjustly.
Justice is fulfilling one's duty, injustice is not doing what one should, evading [from fulfilling one's duties].
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Injustice is achieved in two ways: either by violence or by deception.
Marcus Tullius Cicero (106-43 BC) - Roman statesman, outstanding orator and writer, popularizer of Greek philosophy.
Marcus Tullius Cicero:
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To speak well about virtue does not mean to be virtuous, and to be fair in thoughts does not mean to be fair in practice.
Aristotle (384-322 BC), ancient Greek philosopher and scientist.
Aristotle:
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Democritus:
Democritus of Abdera (c. 460 BC - c. 370 BC) - ancient Greek philosopher
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Conclusion. Our lesson is coming to an end. Let's say again what justice is, what does it mean to be fair? Look at the assumptions made at the beginning of the lesson. Have they been confirmed? Maybe there is something else you can add? (children's statements)
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Conclusion. R. Kipling, English writer Control yourself among the confused crowd. Cursing you for the confusion of everyone. Believe in yourself in defiance of the Universe And forgive those of little faith their sin. Let the hour not strike, wait without getting tired, Let the liars lie, do not condescend to them; Learn to forgive and do not seem, when forgiving, to be more generous and wiser than others. Learn to dream without becoming a slave to dreams, And think without deifying thoughts. Meet success and reproach equally, Not forgetting that their voice is deceitful. Remain quiet when your word is yours.
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The rogue cripples to strangle the fools. When your whole life is destroyed, and again You have to recreate everything from the basics. Stay simple when talking with kings, Stay honest when talking to the crowd, Be straight and firm with enemies and friends, Let everyone consider you in their own time. Fill every moment with meaning, The inexorable running of hours and days, Then you will take possession of the whole world, Then, my son, you will be a Man!
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Prepared by primary school teacher of Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 1, Kameshkovo Panova I.A. Justice
Goal: to develop motivation in younger schoolchildren for conscious behavior according to the moral rules of a just person. Objectives: 1. To bring to the child’s consciousness thoughts about who a fair person is, what qualities he should have, instilling in children a sense of justice. 2. Development of educational skills in working with information during the reading process: the ability to navigate sources of information, adequately understand what is read, sort information in terms of its importance, draw conclusions and generalizations. Development of students' horizons, enrichment of vocabulary. 3. Continue work on moral education through analysis of the content of works of art. Develop the inner attitude of the individual, act according to your conscience. Teach children to think and instill in them such qualities as kindness and justice.
Type of lesson: combined Methods: verbal; partially search; methods of independent work; elements of the research method. Forms of organization of cognitive activity: collective; frontal; group;
Homework check 1. Which family members did you tell about the debt? 2.What particularly interested them? 3. What questions caused them difficulty? 4.Were you able to help them?
Sun
A I V O S T R P L E V D S
Proverb A just person is like a monument visible from everywhere.
Justice is a moral rule that regulates relations between people regarding the distribution of benefits, rewards and punishments. Every action must be judged according to its merits.
Moral rules of modern man 1. Avoid evil in your actions (humiliation, dignity, deception and violence) 2. Strive to fight vices and shortcomings, and not with people who have them. 3. Recognize that other people are right, doubt your own unconditional rightness. 4. Be ready to meet the other person halfway. 5.Strive to find a solution that would suit everyone.
Proverbs Stand boldly for a just cause. Act fairly and victory will be certain. If you love to ride, you also love to carry sleds. What goes around comes around. Don’t dig a hole for someone else, you will fall into it yourself. An eye for an eye a tooth for a tooth.
Reflection What is justice? What should a just person be like? Is it difficult to be a fair person?
What unfair relations of some heroes to others are told in fairy tales?
Thanks for the work!
- PWEARLISTOVD
- Justice -
- What is justice?
- What kind of person can be called fair?
- What does it mean to treat people fairly?
- How do you react when you are treated unfairly?
- Is it easier to be fair to strangers or to those you love?
- Make up sentences using the suggested phrases:
- fair action; fair decision; fair remuneration; fair punishment.
- -Why did the peasant free the tiger?
- - How did the tiger want to thank the man?
- - Is it right that the tiger is back in the cage?
- - What do you think justice is?
- Themis - the goddess of justice - is sometimes depicted with a blindfold, as a symbol of impartiality, with a sword and scales in her hands.
- Not from wealth
- and poverty people act unfairly.
- It is good to talk about virtue -
- doesn't mean being virtuous
- and to be fair in thoughts does not mean to be fair in deeds.
- Aristotle
- (384-322 BC), ancient Greek philosopher and scientist.
- Aristotle:
- Justice is fulfillment of duty,
- injustice - failure to do something
- what should, evasion
- [from performing one's duties].
- Democritus:
- Democritus of Abdera
- (c. 460 BC - c. 370 BC) - ancient Greek philosopher
- -Tell the truth and do it.
- - It was true, but she went into the forest.
- -Whoever has no goodness has little truth in him.
- -Everyone seeks the truth, but not everyone creates it.
- -Without truth there is no living, but a howling.
- -Don’t look for truth in others if you don’t have it in you.
- -Truth does not burn in fire and does not drown in water.
- -The truth stings my eyes.
- -The truth is that you can’t hide an awl in a bag.
- -Eat bread and salt, but listen to the truth.
- The cat came up with Murka Sharik from
- kennels survive.
- And why, it seemed, would she do this: she lives in a big house, and Sharik lives in a tiny booth. But the whole point was that the house was not hers, but Sharikov’s kennel!
- And she began to purr to the owners that they say that Sharik has become very old and lazy, and is also kind beyond measure, which is why strangers have made their yard a passable place!
- It all ended with Sharik being kicked out of the booth. And they put Murka on a chain instead. The owners were smart. They realized that such an evil cat would guard the house better than a kind dog. And Sharik, so be it, was allowed into the hallway - to live out his life!
- Situation 1. “Game”
- Sister:
- - I'm older, which means I need more cubes. Her brother answers her: “I want to play too.” Share with me.
- Assess children's behavior. Who acted unfairly? Why? How to restore justice?
- Situation 2. “Friend”
- Mom came home from work and asked her son: “Son, did you go for a walk with Buddy?” The son answers her: “You go for a walk with Druzhkoy yourself, otherwise I need to study homework.” -But we agreed that you will walk the dog during the day, and I will walk in the evening. “You made a promise,” my mother was indignant. The boy was offended and told his mother: “You just don’t love me, that’s why you give me instructions!”
- Evaluate the boy's actions.
- I'M EXTRA
- They dug up the cherries.
- Sergey said:
- - I'm redundant.
- Five trees, five guys
- - I went out into the garden in vain.
- How did the cherries ripen?
- Sergei goes out into the garden.
- - Well, no, now you’re superfluous!
- The guys are talking.
- Agniya Barto.
- Can we consider it fair?
- words of the guys in the poem by A. Barto
- “Am I redundant”?
- The only thing that every honest person should be guided in his actions is whether what he does is fair or unfair, and whether it is the act of a good or evil person. Socrates
- The norm of human actions
- justice must be served.
- Nikolai Chernyshevsky
- Justice is a product as necessary for life as bread.
- Ludwig Berne
- Write a few laws of justice for yourself and try to follow them for a week. At the end of the week, write down which laws of justice were more difficult or, conversely, easier to follow.